The resilience of health systems in Africa during epidemics is a critical area for research, with Uganda serving as an exemplary case study due to its diverse healthcare landscape and recent experiences with Ebola and COVID-19. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, including structured interviews with 100 health system managers and qualitative focus groups involving 25 community leaders. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis to identify common themes and patterns. Community engagement was identified as the most critical factor in enhancing resilience, with over 80% of respondents highlighting its importance. However, there is a significant gap in healthcare infrastructure funding, affecting service delivery across regions. Ugandan health systems have demonstrated remarkable adaptability and responsiveness to epidemic challenges, primarily through robust community partnerships and innovative financing mechanisms. To further enhance resilience, the government should prioritise equitable resource allocation, particularly for remote areas, while also fostering greater public-private sector collaboration in healthcare delivery.