Land reform in Ethiopia has been a subject of significant socio-economic interest within East Africa. The research employs an action-based methodology, incorporating qualitative interviews and focus group discussions with local stakeholders in selected regions of Ethiopia. Significant disparities were observed in land distribution among different ethnic groups, particularly affecting small-scale farmers. Despite initial challenges, the implementation of targeted social protection programmes has mitigated some adverse impacts on vulnerable communities. Further inclusive policy frameworks should be developed to address persistent socio-economic inequalities arising from land reform.