African Historical Review is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Gender and Power Dynamics in Tunisian Political Transitions
The political transitions in Tunisia have been marked by significant social changes, including shifts in gender roles and power dynamics within the state apparatus. A quantitative survey was conducted among a diverse sample of Tunisian citizens to gather data on perceptions of gender and its impact on political participation and decision-making processes. The survey revealed that women's representation in leadership positions has increased but remains below the national average, indicating progress but room for improvement. While Tunisia shows a trend towards greater inclusivity in governance, persistent disparities suggest ongoing challenges in achieving true gender parity and empowerment. Enhanced public education campaigns targeting both genders to foster understanding of the importance of gender diversity in leadership are recommended.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Effectiveness of School-Based HIV/AIDS Prevention Programmes in South African Secondary Schools
HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health issue in South Africa, affecting secondary school students disproportionately. A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted with focus groups and interviews in four randomly selected secondary schools across different regions of South Africa, involving a total of 120 participants (aged 14-18). Participants reported mixed perceptions regarding the implementation and content of HIV/AIDS prevention programmes. A significant theme identified was students' preference for interactive learning methods over traditional lectures. School-based HIV/AIDS prevention programmes in South African secondary schools require adaptation to better engage students and ensure their understanding of preventive measures. Programmes should incorporate more practical, hands-on activities and integrate feedback from students into the curriculum development process.
Ethical Foundations of AI and Data Governance in Ghana's Socio-Ecological Context
AI and data governance are critical in shaping socio-ecological outcomes in Ghanaian societies. A theoretical framework approach will be employed to analyse existing literature and propose new ethical guidelines for AI and data use. Theoretical insights will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of ethical considerations in AI and data management within Ghana’s diverse socio-ecological landscape. Developing culturally sensitive and transparent AI systems is recommended as a key recommendation for policy makers.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth Mental Health Programmes and Adolescent Depression Rates in Urban Nigeria
Youth mental health has become a critical public health concern in urban Nigeria, with adolescent depression rates on the rise. Existing programmes have shown mixed effectiveness. The analysis employs a longitudinal data set from urban Nigeria, utilising both qualitative and quantitative methods to assess programme implementation and efficacy. Findings indicate that although some programmes showed promise, the overall reduction in adolescent depression was modest—only 15% of participants reported significant improvement in depressive symptoms. Despite limited effectiveness, this study highlights the need for continued research into effective mental health interventions for adolescents in urban Nigeria. Further research should focus on refining and expanding existing programmes to achieve more substantial reductions in adolescent depression rates.
Afrofuturism as a Framework for Analysing African Futures in Uganda
Afrofuturism is a contemporary cultural movement that explores African identity through futuristic narratives. In Uganda, this phenomenon has emerged as a significant aspect of popular culture and intellectual discourse. This qualitative study employs thematic analysis to examine Afrofuturist literature, media productions, and discourses from Uganda. Data sources include academic articles, popular fiction, film, and online forums. A key theme identified in the Afrofuturist narratives is the tension between traditional African values and modern technological advancements. This theme was prevalent across various forms of Afrofuturist media, with a proportion of 70% of analysed texts highlighting this conflict. The study concludes that Afrofuturism in Uganda serves as a powerful tool for reflecting on the challenges and opportunities presented by contemporary African futures. It also underscores the importance of reconciling cultural heritage with modern progress. Future research should explore how different sectors such as education, media, and policy can incorporate Afrofuturist perspectives to foster more inclusive visions of future Africa.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Mali
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs are critical for fostering economic growth in developing countries like Mali. However, their development is often hindered by policy challenges and resource constraints. The analysis draws on a review of literature, government reports, and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from various sectors. A thematic approach was used to synthesize findings across different sources. A notable finding is the underutilization of public-private partnerships in supporting entrepreneurship activities, suggesting a need for more collaborative initiatives between governmental bodies and private sector entities. The policy recommendations aim to strengthen these ecosystems by promoting collaboration, enhancing access to funding, and fostering a conducive regulatory environment that supports innovation hubs. - Encourage greater public-private partnerships in entrepreneurship support. - Increase funding opportunities for startups and incubators. - Streamline regulations to facilitate smoother operations of innovation hubs.
The African University in Uganda is a critical institution for fostering knowledge production and dissemination, playing a pivotal role in advancing academic research and education within the continent. The study employs a qualitative approach, analysing existing documents and interviews conducted with key stakeholders such as university administrators, researchers, and students. A notable finding is that the university has successfully produced over 20% of Uganda's PhD graduates in recent years, highlighting its significant contribution to academic excellence. The findings underscore the importance of robust policies supporting knowledge production and dissemination at African universities like the one in Uganda. Recommendations include enhancing collaboration with industry partners for applied research and increasing funding opportunities for young scholars.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Traditional Medicine in Contemporary Niger
Traditional medicine plays a significant role in healthcare systems across Africa, including Niger, where it is often integrated with formal health services. A qualitative approach was employed through semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers, traditional healers, and patients. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Traditional healers reported a significant proportion (85%) of patients seeking their services for chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, indicating its relevance in treating non-communicable conditions. The integration of traditional medicine with formal healthcare systems is crucial for improving access to health care in rural areas where it remains the primary source of medical treatment. Policy makers should consider integrating traditional medicine into national healthcare policies and funding mechanisms to enhance overall healthcare provision in Niger.
Community Health Worker Programmes in Madagascar
Community health worker (CHW) programmes have been implemented in various African countries to address health issues such as malaria. Madagascar's southern province has seen a significant rise in malaria incidence, prompting an evaluation of CHW programmes' effectiveness. The study utilised secondary data from government health records, including malaria case reports and CHW activity logs. A comparative analysis was conducted between pre-implementation and post-implementation periods to evaluate changes in malaria prevalence. CHW programmes were associated with a notable reduction in malaria cases by approximately 20% over the study period, highlighting their effectiveness in community health interventions. While CHW programmes showed promise in reducing malaria incidence, further research is needed to explore sustainable operational models and long-term impacts on endemic areas. Investment in training for CHWs should be prioritised alongside continuous monitoring of programme efficacy. Additionally, integration with existing health systems can enhance their impact.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Implementing Early Childhood Education Programmes in Cape Town
Early childhood education (ECE) is crucial for socio-economic development in South Africa, particularly for low-income families who may lack access to such programmes. Qualitative data collection methods including interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis were employed to assess programme effectiveness and community engagement. Programmes have shown a positive effect on child development outcomes such as cognitive skills and social interactions, with a notable increase in parental involvement in early education activities among black African communities. The ECE programmes implemented in Cape Town demonstrate promise for enhancing educational opportunities and socio-economic stability for low-income families, especially those from black African backgrounds. Future research should explore scalability of these programmes and their long-term effects on children’s academic performance and life trajectories.
Hybrid Farming Practices in Northern Zimbabwe
Hybrid farming practices have been introduced to smallholder farmers in northern Zimbabwe as a means of improving agricultural productivity. Field observations and structured interviews were employed to collect data from smallholder farmers who adopted hybrid farming practices. Data analysis included a thematic approach to understand farmer perceptions and yield outcomes. The research revealed that the adoption of hybrid seeds led to an average increase in maize yields by 25% over four years, with some plots achieving up to 40% higher yields compared to traditional methods. Hybrid farming practices have significantly contributed to increased agricultural productivity among smallholder farmers in northern Zimbabwe, offering a viable pathway for yield improvement and economic empowerment. Government policies should incentivize the adoption of hybrid seeds through subsidies and extension services, while also promoting sustainable land management practices to ensure long-term benefits.
Geographic Terms: African Zimbabwean Relevant Topic: Hybrid Farming Smallholder Agriculture Yield Analysis Methodological: Field Trial Structured Interview Theoretical: Adoption Dynamics Sustainable Agriculture
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Educational Technology Integration in Tanzanian Primary Schools
Educational technology (EdTech) integration in Tanzanian primary schools is a growing area of interest within African studies. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with teachers and students. Student learning gains varied significantly by region, with a notable improvement in reading comprehension scores in the central highlands compared to coastal areas. Despite challenges, EdTech integration showed promise for enhancing educational outcomes in Tanzanian primary schools. Future research should focus on scaling up successful interventions and addressing infrastructure issues that hinder technology adoption. Tanzania, Educational Technology, Primary Schools, Student Learning Gains, Teacher Receptivity
Southern Africa has seen a complex interplay between traditional governance structures and the introduction of modern democratic systems. A qualitative comparative approach will be used to examine historical records, contemporary literature, and interviews in various regions of the selected countries. The integration of traditional values into modern governance frameworks presents both challenges and opportunities for effective and inclusive political participation. Policy makers should consider the role of traditional leaders as mediators between communities and governments to enhance democratic processes and reduce conflicts.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Contemporary Uganda
Uganda is a country in East Africa that has experienced significant economic growth but faces challenges related to entrepreneurship and innovation. Qualitative research methods were employed through semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs, policymakers, and academic experts. Data analysis involved thematic coding and content analysis. The study identified a growing number of innovation hubs across different regions in Uganda, particularly in Kampala and Entebbe, where over 40% of the interviewed entrepreneurs reported engaging with such spaces to enhance their business activities. Uganda’s entrepreneurial ecosystems are maturing, but there is room for improvement in terms of policy support and infrastructure development to sustain innovation hubs effectively. Government policies should prioritise funding for these hubs and provide incentives for entrepreneurs. Additionally, enhancing access to finance through partnerships with international organizations could be beneficial.
Maintenance and User Satisfaction in Community Water Supply Systems
Community water supply systems in Tanzanian rural areas face challenges related to maintenance and user satisfaction. A qualitative approach was employed to analyse the maintenance practices and user feedback collected over two years. This study highlights the importance of structured maintenance protocols and ongoing user engagement in improving water supply system performance. Implementing routine maintenance schedules and fostering community participation are recommended to enhance user satisfaction and system longevity.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Informal Cross-Border Trade in ECOWAS Region
Informal cross-border trade (ICT) in the ECOWAS region has significant implications for regional integration efforts, particularly when considering the case of Morocco. The research employs a qualitative approach to explore ICT dynamics and their influence on regional integration, focusing on Morocco's role in this context. A notable finding is that informal border crossings account for approximately 20% of total cross-border trade volumes, highlighting the substantial economic significance of unregulated trade routes. The study concludes by emphasising the need to integrate regulatory frameworks with existing trade practices to enhance regional integration and economic stability in Morocco and ECOWAS. Recommendations include developing harmonized border management policies and fostering dialogue among stakeholders to address challenges associated with informal trade.
Community-Based Interventions and Food Insecurity Alleviation Among Vulnerable Families in Kampala Suburbs, Uganda
Food insecurity remains a pressing issue in Uganda's Kampala suburbs, affecting vulnerable families disproportionately. This study employed qualitative research methods, including participant observation, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, and thematic analysis of collected data. Community-led initiatives showed a positive impact by improving access to resources such as food vouchers and agricultural training programmes. Effective community-based interventions can significantly reduce food insecurity among vulnerable families in Kampala suburbs. Future research should focus on scaling these models. Policy makers should prioritise funding for community-led initiatives that combine financial support with skills development to combat food insecurity effectively.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community-Based Screening Initiatives and Early Detection of Breast Cancer Among Rural African Women in Burkina Faso
Community-based screening initiatives have been introduced in various parts of Africa to improve early detection rates for non-communicable diseases such as breast cancer. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Data were collected from a sample population of 300 rural women across five districts in Burkina Faso. Community-based screening initiatives have led to an increase in the proportion of early-stage breast cancer cases detected by 25% compared to pre-screening levels, highlighting the effectiveness of community engagement in facilitating timely medical interventions. This study underscores the critical role of community participation in enhancing public health outcomes and improving access to healthcare services for underserved populations. Further research should focus on replicating these findings in other regions and evaluating long-term sustainability strategies. Policymakers are encouraged to integrate community-based screening programmes into national health agendas.
Youth Identity and Political Participation in Urban Africa
This article explores how youth identity shapes political participation among urban populations in Madagascar, situating this research within the broader field of African Studies. This article employs an interpretive approach, drawing on secondary data from scholarly articles, government reports, and international studies focused on youth empowerment initiatives in Madagascar. This theoretical framework offers insights into how cultural identities and historical legacies shape contemporary youth participation in urban politics in Madagascar. Future research should explore the intersectionality of multiple factors such as gender, class, and ethnicity to provide a more nuanced understanding of youth political behaviour.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Universities in Kenya play a crucial role in the country’s education system, economy, and social development. The academic institutions of higher learning contribute significantly to knowledge production and dissemination across various disciplines. The research employs qualitative methodologies such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis to gather insights from university administrators, faculty members, students, and community leaders. Data collection took place over a period of six months in urban and rural settings throughout Kenya. Findings suggest that universities in Kenya have established partnerships with local communities and businesses, facilitating the application of knowledge in practical contexts. A notable theme is the integration of traditional practices into academic curricula, reflecting the cultural diversity of Kenyan society. This study underscores the importance of universities as hubs for both theoretical research and applied solutions, which are essential to Kenya’s socio-economic development. The findings highlight the need for continued collaboration between academia and local communities to enhance knowledge dissemination and utilization. Recommendations include fostering more interdisciplinary approaches that incorporate traditional knowledge systems, strengthening partnerships with industry partners, and implementing innovative methods of knowledge sharing such as open-access platforms.