Wastewater treatment technologies in urban Indian slums of Benin have not been extensively studied from a theoretical perspective. No empirical data will be presented; instead, an analytical approach based on historical and contemporary urban development studies will be employed. A theoretical framework is proposed to guide future research into wastewater technology adoption in urban slums of Benin and similar contexts. Further empirical studies are recommended to validate the theoretical insights derived from this work, with emphasis on participatory approaches that engage local communities effectively.