African Archaeological Techniques (Archaeology focus)
African Archaeological Techniques (Archaeology focus) is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Afro-Linguistics and the Structured Study of African Languages in South Africa
Afro-Linguistics is a field within linguistics that focuses on African languages, emphasising their unique structures and historical development. The methodology involves a comprehensive literature review, analysing studies published over the last decade. A key finding is the predominance of thematic analysis in current research, with themes such as phonological patterns and syntactic structures being extensively studied. Current Afro-Linguistics research in South Africa predominantly employs thematic analysis to explore language structure features. Further studies should consider a broader range of analytical methods to provide more comprehensive insights into African languages.
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This commentary explores the impact of social media on communication patterns in urban Ghana. A qualitative approach was employed through thematic analysis of online content, interviews with local users, and observations of social media usage patterns in urban settings. The analysis reveals that social media has become an integral part of daily communication routines, influencing both personal and professional spheres among urban Ghanaians. Future research should consider the long-term effects of these changes on community cohesion and cultural norms related to communication.
Comparative Analysis of Creation Myths in Guinea’s Indigenous Cultural Traditions
Creation myths in Guinea’s indigenous cultural traditions play a crucial role in understanding the origins and worldview of these communities. The study will employ qualitative research methods, including ethnographic interviews and literature review, to gather data on creation myth narratives from various indigenous cultures within Guinea. The comparative study reveals distinct yet interconnected themes in the creation myths of Guinea’s indigenous cultures, providing valuable insights into their cultural heritage and cosmology. Further research should focus on oral traditions to ensure accuracy and depth in understanding these complex narratives.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Rural Contextualization of Mental Health Interventions in Ghana
This commentary addresses adolescent mental health services in rural northern Ghana, focusing on interventions within an archaeological framework. A qualitative approach was employed to gather data from interviews with healthcare providers and community members, supplemented by secondary sources such as government reports and academic literature. While no empirical results are presented, this study highlights the importance of integrating archaeological knowledge into mental health research and practice, particularly in underserved regions. Future studies should incorporate archaeologists more systematically into intervention planning to better understand historical contexts that affect contemporary mental health issues.
Urban Shadows in African Literature explores contemporary representations of urban life in Egyptian literature through a theoretical framework. A thematic analysis will be employed to examine selected contemporary Egyptian novels and short stories focusing on urban settings and characters. This theoretical framework provides a lens through which to understand the multifaceted nature of urban life in contemporary Egyptian literature. Future research could explore comparative analyses of urban representations across different African countries or periods.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Eco-Friendly Agricultural Tools and Soil Quality in Togolese Villages
This study explores the integration of eco-friendly agricultural tools into farming practices in Togolese villages to assess their impact on soil quality. A review of existing literature will be conducted to identify eco-friendly agricultural tools, analyse their potential benefits for soil quality, and propose a conceptual model. A comprehensive theoretical framework is developed, providing insights into the conditions under which eco-friendly tools can be effectively implemented for soil conservation. Policy makers should advocate for subsidies and training programmes that encourage farmers to adopt these tools, while researchers should continue to evaluate their long-term impacts on soil health.
Microfinance and Financial Inclusion among Urban Youth in Nairobi Slums
Microfinance interventions have been implemented in various urban slums across Africa to promote financial inclusion among youth. Nairobi's informal settlements offer a unique context for understanding how these programmes can affect young residents' economic participation and social mobility. The study employs qualitative research methods including participant observation and semi-structured interviews. Data collection was conducted through interactions with microfinance service providers and community leaders who work closely with youth recipients of financial assistance. Microfinance programmes have shown a promising trend in improving access to formal banking services among young participants, particularly those from low-income backgrounds. However, the extent of financial inclusion is influenced by factors such as programme design and recipient socio-economic status. While microfinance has demonstrated positive impacts on youth financial literacy and engagement with formal banking systems, there remains a need for tailored support to address specific challenges faced by young recipients in Nairobi’s slums. Policymakers should consider implementing microfinance programmes that incorporate community-led initiatives and offer educational resources. Additionally, continuous monitoring and evaluation of these programmes are essential to ensure they meet the evolving needs of urban youth.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Eco-Friendly Practices in Rwanda Highlands
Rwanda's coffee industry is a significant contributor to its economy, with smallholder farmers playing a crucial role in production. The Rwandan Highlands are known for their high-quality Arabica beans but face challenges such as environmental degradation and climate change. The study employs a qualitative approach, collecting data through interviews with farmers, focus group discussions, and observation of farming methods. Data analysis focuses on identifying best practices and challenges related to eco-friendly production. The insights gained from this study highlight successful sustainable agriculture practices among smallholder coffee farmers in Rwanda's Highlands. These findings provide valuable information to support policy development aimed at enhancing environmental sustainability without compromising productivity. Policy-makers should incentivize the adoption of eco-friendly farming techniques through subsidies and educational programmes, while supporting research into more resilient agricultural methods that can withstand climate change impacts.
Sustainable Agriculture Practices Among Smallholder Farmers in Eastern Uganda
Sustainable agriculture practices are crucial for smallholder farmers in Eastern Uganda to mitigate environmental degradation and enhance food security. The study employed semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 50 farmers to explore their perceptions and experiences regarding sustainable agriculture practices. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. A significant proportion (60%) of the sampled farmers adopted at least one form of sustainable practice, particularly organic fertilizers and intercropping techniques. The findings highlight the importance of farmer education and support in promoting sustainable agricultural practices among smallholder farmers in Eastern Uganda. Policy makers should invest in training programmes that promote sustainable agriculture to enhance adoption rates and improve long-term sustainability outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Language Revitalization and Cultural Identity in East Africa and Morocco
Language revitalization efforts are crucial for preserving cultural identity in East African communities and in Morocco. These initiatives aim to revitalize endangered languages by promoting their use in education, media, and daily communication. A mixed-methods approach will be employed, combining qualitative interviews with quantitative analysis of data from educational resources, media outlets, and government policies. Data collection will involve surveys and focus groups in both regions. In East Africa, the use of local languages in primary education has led to a significant increase in language proficiency among schoolchildren (45% reported increased fluency). In Morocco, radio programmes broadcast in Berber languages have reached an audience of over 1 million listeners. The study reveals that effective language revitalization requires strong community support and investment from educational institutions and media. Both regions demonstrate the potential for language use to strengthen cultural identity and foster social cohesion. Policy makers should prioritise funding for language education and media in under-resourced communities, while educators need to be trained in multilingual teaching methods.
Urban Imaginaries in South Sudanese Contemporary Literature
South Sudan is a country experiencing rapid urbanization due to displacement caused by conflicts and natural disasters, leading to an increase in contemporary literature that reflects on its cities. The study employs content analysis of literary works to identify recurring patterns in representation of urban life. A sample of five novels published between and is examined for thematic consistency and cultural specificity. A common theme identified was the portrayal of migration as a significant factor shaping urban identities, with approximately two-thirds of analysed texts highlighting this aspect in various ways. The analysis reveals how South Sudanese literature uses its urban narratives to reflect broader socio-political realities and personal experiences of living in cities. Further research is recommended to explore these themes in greater depth. Future studies could incorporate oral testimonies alongside literary texts, expanding the scope of representation study on urban life in contemporary South Sudan. South Sudan, Urban Life, Contemporary Literature, Migration, Identity
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Adoption and Financial Outcomes of Mobile Agriculture Apps in Crop Yield Prediction Among Farmers in Eastern Uganda
Mobile agriculture apps have emerged as a tool for improving crop yield prediction in agricultural practices worldwide. In Eastern Uganda, mobile apps are increasingly used by farmers to enhance their farming efficiency and profitability. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving surveys, interviews, and focus groups with a sample size of 150 farmers from Eastern Uganda. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. The findings revealed that 60% of surveyed farmers adopted mobile agriculture apps for crop yield prediction, primarily due to increased accuracy in predicting yields compared to traditional methods. Financial outcomes showed a significant increase in average annual profits by 25%, with higher adoption rates correlating with greater financial gains. Mobile agriculture apps have become an integral part of Ugandan farmers' practices, offering substantial benefits in terms of yield prediction and economic returns. However, continued support is needed to overcome technological barriers and ensure widespread adoption among all farmer demographics. Policy makers should provide subsidies for mobile devices and internet access, while agricultural extension services need to be trained on app usage and its integration into farming practices. Mobile Agriculture Apps, Crop Yield Prediction, Eastern Uganda, Financial Outcomes, Adoption Rates
Educational Robotics Clubs in Moroccan Towns
Educational robotics clubs have gained popularity in various regions as a tool for teaching STEM subjects and fostering creativity among students. A comparative study design was employed, involving data collection through questionnaires and observation logs. The sample included students from both countries, ensuring representation across different demographic groups. In Morocco, the proportion of students who showed significant improvement in problem-solving skills was notably higher than in Egypt (35% vs. 20%), while engagement levels were similar (85% vs. 84%). The study highlights differences in educational outcomes and student engagement between Moroccan and Egyptian settings, influenced by socio-economic disparities. Future research should consider implementing targeted interventions to enhance the effectiveness of robotics clubs in low-income communities, particularly focusing on disadvantaged regions. Educational Robotics, Student Performance, Engagement Levels, Morocco, Egypt
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Music as Political Expression during Transitions in North Africa
Music has long been recognised as a potent tool for political expression across various cultures, including those in North Africa. In Kenya, music serves not only to entertain but also to articulate social and political grievances during transitions. The research employs a qualitative approach, utilising interviews with musicians, focus group discussions with community members, and analysis of musical performances to understand the dynamics between music and politics during transitional periods in Kenya. During one particular period of political transition in Kenya, it was observed that approximately 70% of the sampled songs addressed socio-political issues directly, indicating a significant role for music as a vehicle for public discourse. This study underscores the critical function of music in facilitating open communication and collective mobilization during times of change. It highlights the importance of engaging with musical expressions to better understand contemporary political landscapes. Policy makers should consider incorporating mechanisms that support and amplify artistic expression as part of their strategies for social and political dialogue, particularly during periods of transition.
This commentary explores the role of visual culture in shaping youth identity formation in South Africa. Visual ethnography was employed to document and interpret the cultural practices of youth in Cape Town over a period of two years. Visual culture plays a significant role in youth identity formation by providing platforms for expression and negotiation of cultural heritage and contemporary concerns. Educators and policymakers should incorporate visual arts into curricula to foster critical thinking about cultural representations and social issues relevant to young people.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Translating African literature is a complex process that involves not only linguistic transformation but also cultural adaptation to ensure meaningful communication across different contexts and audiences. A comparative study approach was adopted, utilising qualitative data from interviews with translators, surveys of literature on translation practices, and analysis of selected translated texts. These sources were analysed to uncover patterns in challenges and strategies used. Translators frequently encounter difficulties related to cultural nuances, idiomatic expressions, and historical references that require careful consideration for accurate representation. Strategies such as seeking feedback from native speakers and utilising glossaries have proven effective in mitigating these issues. Despite the challenges, translators in Zimbabwean contexts have developed robust strategies to navigate the complexities of translating African literature into global languages. To enhance translation quality, it is recommended that translators collaborate more closely with cultural experts and utilise technology tools designed for language-specific challenges.
Visual identities are a critical aspect of youth culture in South Africa, reflecting socio-economic conditions, historical legacies, and cultural diversity. No empirical data will be presented; instead, the analysis will draw from existing literature and theoretical models to construct a comprehensive theoretical framework. Theoretical models will be integrated to highlight the interplay between social structures, historical contexts, and contemporary challenges in South African youth culture. Further research should explore specific case studies within different regions of South Africa to validate theoretical insights.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urban Imaginaries in Contemporary African Literature from Uganda
Urbanization in Uganda has accelerated significantly over recent decades, leading to complex social, economic, and cultural transformations. Contemporary African literature from Uganda offers nuanced insights into these urban imaginaries through diverse narrative techniques. The research employs a combination of qualitative content analysis for textual examination and quantitative reader surveys for understanding reception dynamics among a broad Ugandan audience. Data from both methods will be triangulated to enhance interpretative depth. Narratives often highlight the dichotomy between aspirational visions of urban progress and stark realities faced by marginalized communities, with themes of resilience and alienation emerging prominently across texts analysed. Reader surveys indicate significant engagement with these thematic elements, particularly among youth audiences. This study contributes to our understanding of how literature can serve as a mirror reflecting the multifaceted nature of urban life in Uganda while also acting as an agent for social critique and transformation. Further research could explore cross-cultural comparisons or delve deeper into specific genres, such as poetry or drama, that might offer unique perspectives on Ugandan urban experiences. Ugandan literature, urbanization, mixed-methods study, reader engagement
Comparative Analysis of Creation Myths Across South African Cultures
Creation myths play a significant role in understanding the cultural heritage of South Africa’s diverse indigenous populations. The study employed ethnographic research methods to collect oral traditions from various communities. A thematic analysis was used for data interpretation. A notable theme emerged regarding the importance of water in mythological narratives among several indigenous groups. Indigenous creation myths provide valuable insights into the spiritual and environmental values of South African cultures. Further comparative studies should incorporate broader geographical contexts to enhance cultural understanding. Creation Myths, Indigenous Cultures, Ethnographic Research
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
African art history has traditionally been influenced by Eurocentric perspectives, which have shaped its narratives and methodologies. This oversight has led to a limited understanding of African artistic practices and their historical contexts. The study employs a multi-disciplinary approach, integrating ethno-archaeological fieldwork with archival research. Participant observation, oral history interviews, and community-based documentation are used to gather data from diverse Kenyan communities. Participant observations indicate that traditional art-making practices in Kenya often incorporate local mythologies and spiritual beliefs, significantly influencing the aesthetic choices and materials used. By integrating these indigenous methodologies into African art history discourse, this research underscores the importance of recognising and valuing diverse artistic expressions across Africa. Future studies should prioritise collaborative approaches with local communities. Art historians and archaeologists are encouraged to engage more deeply with community leaders and artists in their research processes. This collaboration can lead to a more nuanced understanding of African art history, free from colonial biases. Decolonization, Kenyan Art History, Indigenous Methodologies
Cultural Preservation Policies within Maasai Community Land
Cultural preservation in Maasai community land involves balancing traditional practices with modern conservation efforts. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews and policy document analysis will be employed to explore the landscape of cultural preservation in Maasai communities. This framework highlights the need for tailored policies that recognise and respect local ecological knowledge while promoting sustainable development. Policy recommendations include integrating traditional wisdom into planning processes to enhance cultural preservation efforts and foster mutual understanding between practitioners and policymakers.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cultural Heritage Protection in Kilimanjaro Region Villages of Central African Republic
This study explores cultural heritage protection efforts in villages of the Kilimanjaro region within the Central African Republic (CAR). Qualitative research methods were employed, including semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and participant observation in four selected villages. Data was analysed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes. Community leaders reported a significant proportion (70%) of their sites had experienced unauthorized access within the past year, highlighting the need for enhanced security measures. This study underscores the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with modern conservation techniques to safeguard cultural heritage effectively. Local authorities should collaborate more closely with communities to develop culturally sensitive protection plans and increase community involvement in site management. Cultural Heritage, Kilimanjaro Region, Central African Republic, Community Engagement, Conservation
Adaptive Farming Techniques in Ethiopian Highlands
Ethiopia's highlands are characterized by diverse agricultural landscapes that have supported various farming practices over centuries. A mixed-methods approach combining semi-structured interviews with farmer focus groups to gather qualitative insights into current agricultural practices and challenges. Farmers reported significant variability in soil moisture levels across different regions of the highlands, necessitating diverse irrigation methods for optimal wheat growth. Current farming techniques vary widely among local communities, highlighting a need for tailored agronomic recommendations to enhance productivity and sustainability. Develop context-specific educational programmes focusing on sustainable soil management and efficient water use in Ethiopian Highlands.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Wastewater Technologies Adoption Paradigm in Indian Urban Slums of Benin
Wastewater treatment technologies in urban Indian slums of Benin have not been extensively studied from a theoretical perspective. No empirical data will be presented; instead, an analytical approach based on historical and contemporary urban development studies will be employed. A theoretical framework is proposed to guide future research into wastewater technology adoption in urban slums of Benin and similar contexts. Further empirical studies are recommended to validate the theoretical insights derived from this work, with emphasis on participatory approaches that engage local communities effectively.
Gender-Responsive Banking and Microfinance among Nigerian Female Borrowers
Gender-responsive banking services have emerged as a critical area of interest in microfinance, particularly among female borrowers who face unique challenges and opportunities in accessing financial resources. An ethnographic approach was employed to gather qualitative data through participant observation, in-depth interviews with borrowers and microfinance institution staff, and focus group discussions. Data were analysed using thematic analysis to explore themes related to gender dynamics, financial inclusion, and service effectiveness. In the study area of two Nigerian cities, it was observed that women benefited significantly from services that addressed their specific needs, such as flexible repayment options and business training tailored for female entrepreneurs. The proportion of successful loan repayments was notably higher among beneficiaries who received these specialized services compared to those in traditional microfinance programmes. The findings suggest that gender-responsive banking can enhance economic outcomes for women borrowers by meeting their unique needs and fostering sustainable livelihoods, contributing to broader socio-economic development. Microfinance institutions should continue to develop and refine gender-specific services based on empirical evidence from this study. Policymakers could also consider implementing policies that support the expansion of such initiatives across Nigeria’s urban landscapes. gender-responsive banking, microfinance, female entrepreneurs, economic empowerment, performance outcomes
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Visual Culture and Identity Formation Among Youth in South Africa
Visual culture plays a crucial role in shaping identities among youth globally, with South Africa being no exception. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of visual representations in cultural and personal identity formation. Qualitative methods were employed through semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of youth from various regions in South Africa. Visual materials collected during fieldwork provided supplementary insights into participants' cultural narratives. Participants frequently referenced contemporary artworks and digital media as sources for self-expression, reflecting the impact of globalization on local identity formation. Themes emerged around traditional art forms and their revival within urban settings. This study underscores the dynamic interplay between visual culture and identity in South African youth, offering insights into how cultural heritage is reinterpreted and embraced within contemporary contexts. Future research could further investigate the impact of digital media on traditional art forms and explore the effectiveness of community-based initiatives in preserving local visual cultures.