Community-Based Tuberculosis Screening Programmes in Nairobi Slums: An Effectiveness Case Study and Drug Formulary Integration

Community-based tuberculosis (TB) screening programmes are essential for early detection and treatment in urban youth populations, particularly in Nairobi slums where TB prevalence is high. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative data collection through surveys and qualitative insights from focus group discussions and interviews with healthcare workers. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics for programme effectiveness and thematic analysis for qualitative findings. The proportion of participants who self-reported having been screened increased by 30% after the intervention, indicating improved access to TB screening services in Nairobi slums. The community-based TB screening programme successfully enhanced TB awareness and access among young adults aged 18-25 in Nairobi slums. Integration with national drug formulary recommendations is recommended for future evaluations and policy development. Future research should explore the long-term impact of these programmes on TB incidence rates and consider expanding the scope to include additional age groups and community sectors. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.