Climate change is affecting agricultural productivity in Central Tanzania, particularly maize farming. Farmers were surveyed using a structured questionnaire to assess CSA practice implementation, yield outcomes, and socio-economic factors influencing adoption. The average maize yield increased by 15% in regions adopting CSA practices compared to non-adopting areas. CSA practices showed significant potential for enhancing agricultural productivity in Central Tanzania. Policy-makers should support further research and extension services to accelerate CSA adoption among farmers. climate smart agriculture, maize farming, yield improvement, adoption rates, Central Tanzania The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.