Water supply and sanitation services in Côte d'Ivoire rural communities face significant challenges, with access rates often below global standards. Theoretical analysis based on existing literature and expert consultations to identify key factors affecting service provision and user uptake. The theoretical framework identifies four strategic areas: enhancing local governance structures, improving infrastructure resilience, fostering community participation, and aligning service provision with user needs. Policy recommendations include the establishment of a national water sanitation fund, strengthening community-based organizations, and implementing demand-driven service delivery models.