The rapid advancement of AI technologies in recent years has led to significant changes in how data is collected, processed, and used across various sectors, including agriculture and rural planning in Eswatini. The theoretical exploration will draw from existing literature on ethics, governance, and technology in African societies, as well as insights from stakeholders including farmers, policymakers, and technologists. The theoretical framework will serve as a foundational resource for policymakers, technologists, and community leaders seeking to navigate the ethical complexities of AI and data in Eswatini’s socio-economic landscape. Recommendation is to establish an advisory council comprising representatives from various sectors to oversee the implementation of the proposed governance framework.