In Zanzibar's urban centers, waste management is a critical issue affecting both environmental sustainability and public health. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative surveys (n=200) and qualitative interviews (N=25). Recycling rates increased by an average of 15% across surveyed urban centers, with significant improvements in kitchen waste recycling. Sustainable waste management programmes have demonstrated potential for enhancing recycling outcomes in Zanzibar's cities. Further research should focus on behavioural change strategies and the integration of community participation into waste management initiatives. Zanzibar, urban centers, sustainable waste management, three-year study, recycling rates