Environmental disparities in Niger reflect broader challenges faced by resource-rich urban settings in African nations. A thematic analysis of existing literature, including academic journals, government reports, and NGO publications focusing on environmental issues in Niger’s major urban centers. While environmental justice movements have made progress in raising awareness and advocating for policy changes, their impact on improving local environmental conditions remains limited due to systemic weaknesses in governance and resource allocation. Enhanced collaboration between urban planning authorities and civil society organizations is recommended to strengthen enforcement of existing regulations and improve waste management infrastructure.