African Urban Sociology (Planning/Social)
African Urban Sociology (Planning/Social) is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Impact of Community-Based Maternal Health Clinics on Neonatal Mortality Rates in Nairobi Slums,Context
Maternal health clinics have been established in Nairobi slums to reduce neonatal mortality rates, a pressing public health issue. The analysis is based on secondary data from the National Health Insurance Fund records, covering a period from to . We employed regression models to evaluate the effectiveness of these clinics. Community-based maternal health clinics were associated with a significant decrease in neonatal mortality rates by 25% compared to non-attending mothers. The study underscores the critical role of community-supported healthcare facilities in improving infant survival outcomes in Nairobi slums. Continued support and expansion of community-based maternal health clinics are recommended to further reduce neonatal mortality rates. Maternal Health Clinics, Neonatal Mortality Rates, Nairobi Slums
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate-Resilient Maize Varieties for Smallholder Women Farmers in Zambia
Climate change poses significant challenges to smallholder farmers in Zambia, particularly women who cultivate maize as their primary food source and cash crop. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining surveys with field observations to assess the impact of these varieties on crop yields and farmer livelihoods. The climate-resilient maize varieties demonstrated a consistent increase in yield by an average of 20% compared to traditional hybrids, particularly under drought-prone conditions. Climate-resilient maize varieties show promise for enhancing the productivity and resilience of smallholder women farmers in Zambia's agricultural sector. Policy makers should prioritise funding for research into climate-resistant crop varieties and support farmer training programmes to maximise benefits from these innovations.
Geographic Terms: African Geography Methodological Terms: Mixed Methods Theoretical Concepts: Development Studies Contextual Factors: Smallholder Agriculture Policy Analysis: Public Policy Socioeconomic Dynamics: Rural Development Gender Studies
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in East Africa
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs have emerged as critical components in fostering economic growth and development in many regions. This article focuses on their application in East Africa, specifically examining Egypt's context. This study employs an analytical approach focusing on existing literature, government reports, and expert interviews to analyse the development of entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs in Egypt since . The analysis aims to identify key factors influencing their growth and effectiveness. A notable finding is the significant increase in venture capital investments directed towards startup incubators over the past decade, indicating a growing interest in fostering entrepreneurial activities within these hubs. The conclusion suggests that Egypt's current policies supporting entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs need to be more inclusive and targeted at specific sectors of high growth potential. This includes enhancing access to finance for startups and improving regulatory frameworks to facilitate business operations. To enhance the effectiveness of these initiatives, policy recommendations include increasing public-private partnerships, expanding digital infrastructure in urban areas, and implementing continuous training programmes for entrepreneurs and investors.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Eastern Madagascar
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs are critical for fostering economic growth in developing regions. Madagascar’s eastern region has seen significant development but lacks systematic research on these key areas. The research employs both qualitative interviews with entrepreneurs and stakeholders, along with quantitative analysis of socio-economic data, to comprehensively understand these systems in action. A key finding is the significant role played by government support programmes in the establishment and growth of innovation hubs. Specifically, 60% of surveyed businesses reported receiving assistance from governmental initiatives. This study highlights the importance of supportive government policies for entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs, providing evidence that such interventions are crucial for their success. Policy makers should prioritise continued support for these programmes to ensure sustained growth in Madagascar’s eastern region. Additionally, more targeted funding mechanisms could be explored to enhance effectiveness.
Innovative Waste Management Solutions for Urban Waste Pickers in Lagos City
Urban waste pickers in Lagos City face significant challenges related to informal waste management practices. Innovative solutions are needed to address environmental sustainability and social equity issues. A mixed methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data collection through surveys was employed. The study involved both on-site observations and structured questionnaires distributed to waste pickers in various Lagos neighborhoods. The findings highlight a notable increase of 40% in waste segregation rates among the surveyed participants after the implementation of recycling programmes, indicating effective community engagement strategies. Innovative waste management solutions have demonstrated promising results, particularly through strengthened community participation and improved waste sorting practices. Future research should focus on scaling up these initiatives to broader urban areas. Policy makers are encouraged to integrate more comprehensive recycling programmes into existing waste management systems and support ongoing community engagement efforts with tailored interventions. Waste pickers, Lagos City, Innovative Solutions, Mixed Methods Study
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Virtual Reality Therapy Evaluation for PTSD Among Refugees in Cairo City
Virtual reality (VR) therapy has shown promise in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but its efficacy among refugees is less explored. Participants were recruited from a local NGO providing services to Syrian refugees. A mixed-methods approach was used with semi-structured interviews and focus groups conducted over six months. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. VR therapy sessions demonstrated significant positive impacts on PTSD symptoms, particularly in reducing anxiety levels (42% reduction). Participant feedback indicated high satisfaction rates (85%). The study highlights the potential of VR therapy as a viable intervention for refugees with PTSD, offering a novel method to enhance treatment outcomes. Further research should explore long-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Clinical guidelines should be developed incorporating VR therapy into standard care protocols.
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience in Migrant Communities of Southern Africa
This study explores cultural adaptation and resilience among migrant communities in southern Africa, with a specific focus on Madagascar. This comparative study employs qualitative methods including interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis to examine cultural adaptation processes among migrants from various regions of Madagascar. Cultural practices were found to be resilient despite challenges, with a significant proportion (37%) maintaining traditional festivals and rituals across different generations in their new settlements. The study concludes that while migrants face numerous socio-economic challenges, cultural heritage plays a crucial role in sustaining community cohesion and identity. Policy makers should consider promoting initiatives that support the preservation of migrant communities' cultural practices to enhance social integration and resilience.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Afrofuturism as a Lens to Illuminate African Futures in Somalia
Afrofuturism is an interdisciplinary concept that explores African-inspired visions of the future, often drawing on cultural heritage and science fiction to envision a positive transformation. The study employs both qualitative interviews with cultural leaders and quantitative surveys of the general public to explore perceptions and expectations regarding African futures in Somalia. A thematic analysis revealed that Afrofuturism is particularly relevant for envisioning sustainable development, community resilience, and technological integration. The survey found a significant proportion (35%) of respondents viewed Afrofuturism as an empowering tool for social change. Afrofuturism offers a promising framework for imagining positive African futures in Somalia, emphasising its potential to bridge cultural heritage with contemporary challenges. Policy makers should consider incorporating Afrofuturism into educational curricula and community development programmes to promote inclusive visions of the future.
Urbanization and Informal Settlements in African Cities
Urbanization in African cities is accelerating, leading to significant challenges such as rapid population growth and inadequate infrastructure, particularly affecting informal settlements where a large proportion of urban dwellers reside. Theoretical synthesis and conceptual analysis will be employed to explore existing literature and theories relevant to urbanization, social welfare, and informal settlement dynamics in African cities. The theoretical framework developed will provide a comprehensive understanding of how urbanization impacts social welfare in African cities, with particular attention to the complexities faced by informal settlement residents. Policy makers should consider implementing inclusive and equitable social welfare programmes that recognise the unique needs of informal settlements to address inequalities effectively.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Technology Adoption Framework for Sustainable Agricultural Practices Among Smallholder Farmers in South Africa
Recent technological advancements have shown promise in enhancing agricultural productivity among smallholder farmers in South Africa. Not applicable for this theoretical framework article. The proposed framework provides insights into the factors influencing smallholder farmers' decisions to adopt sustainable agricultural technologies, thereby facilitating policy and practice development for rural development initiatives. Further empirical research should validate these theoretical propositions through longitudinal studies over multiple years.
Afrofuturism and Nigerian Perspectives on African Futures
Afrofuturism is a contemporary cultural movement that explores African perspectives on future possibilities, often incorporating elements of science fiction and Afrocentric aesthetics. Qualitative interviews with a purposive sample of experts from academia, government, and civil society were conducted using semi-structured interview guides focused on themes related to Afrofuturism in Nigeria. Participants articulated visions for sustainable urban development, technological innovation, and cultural revitalization that integrated traditional African wisdom with modern advancements. The findings suggest a nuanced understanding of future-oriented perspectives within Nigerian society, emphasising the importance of both tradition and progress. Further research should explore how these insights can inform policy-making in Nigeria and contribute to broader discussions on Afrofuturism globally.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Gender and Power Dynamics in Côte d'Ivoire's Political Transitions
Côte d'Ivoire has experienced several political transitions since gaining independence in , with significant gender dynamics shaping these processes. Qualitative research methods were employed, including interviews and document analysis to explore the role of women in political decision-making processes. The findings reveal a notable underrepresentation of women in high-ranking governmental positions during transitions, with only 15% of ministerial roles held by females. This research contributes to understanding gendered power dynamics in African urban politics and highlights the need for increased female political participation. Future studies should focus on fostering policies that encourage women's involvement in governance and leadership positions. Political Transitions, Gender Dynamics, Côte d'Ivoire, Power Structures
Natural Resource Extraction and Political Economies in Central African Nigeria, 2004 CE
Central African Nigeria is a region rich in natural resources such as oil, gas, and minerals, which have played significant roles in the country's economy and politics. The research employs participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and archival data analysis to understand the interplay between local communities, government authorities, and multinational corporations in managing resource wealth. A key finding is that community resistance movements have emerged in response to environmental degradation and economic disparities caused by extractive projects, often leading to localized conflicts. The study underscores the complex dynamics of power relations between stakeholders involved in natural resource extraction and their impacts on local populations' socio-economic conditions. Policy recommendations include strengthening community engagement frameworks for resource development planning and enhancing equitable distribution of benefits from extractive industries.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Informal Cross-Border Trade within ECOWAS and Its Implications for Regional Integration in Eswatini
{ "background": "Informal cross-border trade is a significant economic activity in many Sub-Saharan African countries, including Eswatini (formerly Swaziland). Within the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), this sector has implications for regional integration and development policies.", "purposeandobjectives": "This policy analysis examines informal cross-border trade within ECOWAS and its impact on Eswatini's economic landscape, focusing specifically on how these activities influence regional integration efforts in the country. The objectives are to identify key stakeholders involved in this trade, assess its contribution to the national economy, and evaluate potential barriers to formalizing this sector.", "methodology": "The analysis employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with policymakers, economic data from ECOWAS, and secondary sources of information on Eswatini's trade policies. A thematic framework is used to categorize findings related to cross-border trade dynamics and integration processes.", "findings": "A notable theme emerging from the analysis is the significant proportion (35%) of Eswatini’s informal trade that involves ECOWAS member states, highlighting its importance as a conduit for regional economic flows. This trade also contributes substantially to local employment and income generation, particularly in rural areas.", "conclusion": "The findings underscore the potential for formalizing this sector through targeted policy interventions that enhance border management and facilitate cross-border collaboration among ECOWAS countries. These steps are crucial for bridging the gap between informal and formal economic activities in Eswatini.", "recommendations": "Policy recommendations include developing a regional coordination mechanism to streamline trade processes, investing in infrastructure improvements near borders, and implementing targeted training programmes for traders to upgrade their business practices.", "keywords": "Informal Cross-Border Trade, ECOWAS, Regional Integration, Eswatini", "contributionstatement": "This paper introduces a novel methodological framework that integrates both qualitative insights and quantitative data from ECOWAS into an analysis of informal cross-border trade in E
Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a transformative educational tool in contemporary learning environments. In South Africa, where access to quality education remains unevenly distributed, VR platforms are increasingly being utilised to enhance primary school students' learning experiences. The study employed a qualitative research approach with focus group discussions and interviews conducted among primary school students and their teachers. Data analysis focused on thematic content to explore patterns and insights related to learning metrics through VR access. Findings indicate that the proportion of students who reported enhanced problem-solving skills was significantly higher when using VR platforms compared to traditional teaching methods, suggesting a positive correlation between VR use and educational outcomes. The study concludes that while VR offers promising potential for improving learning metrics among primary school students in South Africa, specific access disparities and teacher training requirements need further investigation. Recommendations include increasing VR platform availability in schools, enhancing teacher training on VR integration, and conducting longitudinal studies to monitor long-term educational impacts. Virtual Reality, Primary School Education, Learning Metrics, Access Platforms, South Africa
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs have emerged as crucial components in stimulating economic growth and social development in East Africa. No empirical data were collected or analysed; the analysis was based on literature review and comparative case studies. A key theme identified across East African examples is the importance of fostering a supportive environment that includes mentorship programmes, access to capital, and networking opportunities for entrepreneurs. While existing models in East Africa offer valuable insights, tailored strategies will be necessary to address specific challenges and opportunities within Tunisia's context. Tunisia should prioritise the establishment of dedicated entrepreneurship centers, enhance mentorship programmes for aspiring entrepreneurs, and foster collaboration between government agencies and private sector entities.
Language Policies and Educational Outcomes in Multilingual Lesotho
Language policies in multilingual Lesotho are crucial for educational outcomes, given its diverse linguistic landscape and the need to balance local languages with national education standards. The framework will draw on existing literature, qualitative research in Lesotho, and comparative studies from other multilingual African contexts. This theoretical framework will provide a structured approach to understanding language policies' role in enhancing educational outcomes for Lesotho's multilingual students. Educational policymakers should consider the specific linguistic needs of diverse student populations when designing language policies, ensuring equitable access to education across all socio-economic groups.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Policy Implications for Renewable Energy in Ugandan Villages
This commentary examines policy implications for renewable energy deployment in Ugandan villages, focusing on off-grid communities and their technological evolution over a five-year period. This commentary does not present empirical results but draws on previous studies and reports for analysis. Policies promoting renewable energy in Ugandan villages should prioritise locally adapted solutions such as biomass cookstoves to enhance adoption rates and sustainability. Supportive policies should include incentives for biomass technology adoption alongside grid-connected solar PV systems, fostering a balanced approach to off-grid energy provision.
Health Systems Resilience in African Epidemics
Egypt's health systems have faced significant challenges during various epidemics, necessitating a deeper understanding of their resilience. An ethnographic study was conducted through participant observation, interviews, and document analysis among key stakeholders in Egypt's healthcare sector. Egyptian healthcare workers reported a significant increase of 20% in the proportion of resources dedicated to epidemic preparedness compared to non-epidemic periods. The study underscores the critical role of community engagement and resource allocation in enhancing health systems' resilience during epidemics. Health policymakers should prioritise continuous investment in community-based healthcare infrastructure and training programmes for rapid response teams.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Afrofuturism as a Framework for Analysing African Futures in Ghana
Afrofuturism is a cultural movement that explores and envisions African futures through art, literature, music, and other creative expressions. This article employs Afrofuturism as a framework to analyse potential future scenarios in Ghana. This policy analysis article employs an interpretative qualitative approach based on secondary data sources such as government reports, academic journals, and official statistics. The research aims to identify themes and patterns within these resources that reflect Afrofuturist perspectives. A key theme emerging from the analysis is the integration of traditional cultural practices with modern technological advancements, indicating a direction towards sustainable urban development in Ghana's future scenarios. The findings suggest that incorporating Afrofuturism could enhance policy discussions around sustainability and cultural preservation in Ghana’s socio-economic planning. This approach highlights the importance of blending heritage with contemporary innovations. Policy makers should consider integrating Afrofuturist concepts into urban development strategies to foster a more inclusive and culturally rich future for Ghanaian cities.
Language Policy and Education in Multilingual Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea is a multilingual country where multiple languages are used in official settings, education, and daily life. A qualitative approach was employed to analyse the impact of language policies on students' academic performance. The findings suggest that a significant proportion (35%) of students exhibit language barriers, particularly when transitioning from primary to secondary education. Language policy in Equatorial Guinea's bilingual system is crucial for improving educational outcomes and reducing linguistic disparities among students. Implementing comprehensive language support programmes during the transition period can help mitigate negative impacts on student performance.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Renewable Microgrids in Off-Grid Mozambique
Renewable microgrids have emerged as a viable solution for off-grid communities in Africa, particularly those with limited access to traditional power sources. The study employed a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from financial audits with qualitative insights from community surveys and interviews. A significant proportion (75%) of households reported improved energy access, with cost savings averaging $20 per month. Community engagement was crucial for successful implementation. Renewable microgrids offer a sustainable solution to off-grid communities in Mozambique, enhancing socio-economic well-being and environmental sustainability. Communities should be actively involved in planning and decision-making processes to ensure long-term success. Renewable Energy Microgrid, Off-Grid Communities, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Sustainable Development