This article examines Community-Based Health Insurance in East Africa: Mutuelles, CHIFs, and Financial Protection: Political Economy Dimensions with a focused emphasis on Benin within the field of African Studies. It is structured as a action research study that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument.