Methodological Assessment of Quasi-Experimental Designs in Nigerian Municipal Water Systems Evaluations

The assessment of municipal water systems in Nigeria has been hampered by a lack of rigorous methodological frameworks. A review and critique of existing quasi-experimental designs, focusing on their applicability and limitations in Nigerian contexts. This paper highlights the need for tailored quasi-experimental approaches that incorporate local conditions to enhance evaluation accuracy. Researchers should consider incorporating community engagement and long-term monitoring in future studies. The empirical specification follows $Y=\beta_0+\beta^\top X+\varepsilon$, and inference is reported with uncertainty-aware statistical criteria.