Urban waste management (UWM) in Nigerian metropolises faces significant challenges due to inadequate infrastructure and low stakeholder engagement. A comprehensive literature review and conceptual analysis will be employed to develop a robust theoretical model for understanding stakeholder dynamics in UWM. The theoretical framework will provide a comprehensive understanding of UWM stakeholder dynamics, offering insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to enhance UWM in Nigerian metropolises. Policymakers should prioritise stakeholder collaboration through tailored incentives and education programmes to improve adoption rates among all stakeholders.