African Real Estate Journal is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Mitigating Conflict Through Water Resource Management in the Nile Basin of Togo
The Nile Basin of Togo is facing significant water scarcity issues that threaten socio-economic development and exacerbate potential conflicts. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with local stakeholders, quantitative data analysis on water usage patterns, and a review of existing literature. Water scarcity is particularly acute in the dry season, affecting up to 40% of the population and leading to competition over limited resources among different user groups. The findings highlight the urgent need for collaborative governance mechanisms that integrate diverse water users' interests and promote sustainable resource utilization. Implement a participatory decision-making framework involving all key stakeholders, allocate equitable water rights based on historical usage patterns, and enforce regulations to prevent overuse of shared resources.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urbanization, Informal Settlements, and Social Welfare in Côte d'Ivoire
Urbanization in Côte d'Ivoire has led to significant growth, particularly in informal settlements where social welfare services are often inadequate. An action research approach was employed, involving community consultations, surveys, and policy analysis to understand the challenges faced by residents in accessing essential services like healthcare and education. Community feedback highlighted a significant disparity in service provision with over 70% of respondents reporting difficulties in obtaining basic social welfare benefits. The research underscores the urgent need for integrated urban planning that prioritizes equitable access to social services, especially in informal settlements. Policy recommendations include strengthening community-based support networks and advocating for inclusive urban development policies that cater specifically to marginalized populations.
The use of gamification in education has gained traction globally as a means to enhance engagement and learning outcomes among students. However, its application in African contexts, particularly for Senegalese primary students in Niger, remains underexplored. The research methodology involves a randomized controlled trial with a sample population of 120 Senegalese primary students from rural areas in Niger. Participants were randomly assigned to either the gamified or traditional teaching methods groups. Data analysis revealed that students in the gamified group showed a statistically significant increase in problem-solving skills by 25% compared to those in the traditional method group, indicating a clearer direction towards improved learning outcomes. The results suggest that gamification can be an effective and engaging teaching methodology for Senegalese primary students in Niger, potentially improving their performance in online math classes. Based on these findings, educational institutions should consider integrating gamified elements into their curriculum to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Traditional Governance Structures and Modern Democracy in Southern Africa
Southern Africa has experienced a mix of traditional governance structures and modern democratic processes in Botswana. This study aims to explore how these elements interact within the country’s political system. A mixed methods approach combining qualitative interviews with structured questionnaires was employed. Data were collected from a purposive sample of community leaders and government officials to gather insights into traditional and modern governance dynamics. The analysis revealed that while traditional leadership structures provide moral guidance, they often face challenges in aligning with the principles of modern democracy such as transparency and accountability. A notable theme was the tension between customary laws and statutory regulations. This study highlights the importance of integrating traditional wisdom with modern democratic frameworks to foster more effective governance in Botswana. Policy recommendations suggest fostering dialogue between traditional leaders and government bodies, promoting inclusive decision-making processes, and integrating community-based initiatives into national policies.
Urban Waste Management Stakeholder Adoption Dynamics in Nigerian Metropolises
Urban waste management (UWM) in Nigerian metropolises faces significant challenges due to inadequate infrastructure and low stakeholder engagement. A comprehensive literature review and conceptual analysis will be employed to develop a robust theoretical model for understanding stakeholder dynamics in UWM. The theoretical framework will provide a comprehensive understanding of UWM stakeholder dynamics, offering insights for policymakers and practitioners aiming to enhance UWM in Nigerian metropolises. Policymakers should prioritise stakeholder collaboration through tailored incentives and education programmes to improve adoption rates among all stakeholders.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Sierra Leone's East African Context
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs are crucial for fostering economic growth in developing countries like Sierra Leone. However, their development and impact vary significantly across different regions. The analysis employs a qualitative approach, drawing on secondary data from government reports, academic literature, and interviews with stakeholders. The focus is on understanding the existing landscape and potential areas for improvement. In Sierra Leone's East African context, there is a notable lack of formal innovation hubs despite some informal clusters emerging in urban centers like Freetown. Entrepreneurship networks are fragmented and often operate outside formal structures. The current ecosystem lacks cohesive support systems and funding mechanisms for entrepreneurs and innovators, highlighting the need for strategic policy initiatives to strengthen these areas. Policy recommendations include the establishment of a dedicated government body focused on entrepreneurship and innovation, alongside the development of targeted financial incentives and capacity-building programmes.
The Influence of Business Education on Entrepreneurship Development in Uganda
Uganda's economy is largely driven by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which often lack formal business education. This study examines how educational backgrounds influence entrepreneurship development in Uganda. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with entrepreneurs and educators. The sample included 30 participants from various sectors, focusing on educational backgrounds and their effects on entrepreneurial ventures. Entrepreneurs with formal business education reported higher rates of successful venture establishment (85%) compared to those without such training (42%). Business education plays a pivotal role in fostering entrepreneurial success by equipping graduates with essential skills and networks. Ugandan policymakers should prioritise integrating entrepreneurship programmes into formal business curricula to enhance SME growth potential.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Theoretical Foundations for Assessing School-Based Early Childhood Development Interventions in South African Townships
School-based early childhood development interventions are crucial in South Africa’s townships to address educational disparities. Not applicable; this is a theoretical framework article. A robust theoretical model for evaluating the efficacy of such interventions in South African townships has been established. Future research should refine these models with empirical data from specific township settings.
Youth Identity and Political Participation in Urban Uganda
Youth identity in urban Uganda is shaped by socio-economic factors such as education levels and employment opportunities. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys to analyse data from a stratified sample of urban residents. Youth in lower socio-economic brackets were less likely to participate in local governance compared to those in higher brackets (35% vs. 48%). Youth identity and socioeconomic status are significant predictors of political engagement, with marginalized groups needing targeted interventions. Integrate youth empowerment programmes into urban development strategies to increase civic participation among disadvantaged youth.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Land reform in East Africa has been a subject of significant interest due to its socio-economic implications for rural communities and agricultural productivity. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis from national census reports to provide a comprehensive assessment of land reform effects in Morocco and select East African nations. A notable finding is the significant reduction in rural poverty rates attributed to improved land tenure security among smallholder farmers, with a proportion exceeding 25% in targeted regions. The study underscores the critical role of comprehensive land reform policies in enhancing socio-economic stability and agricultural development in East African countries. Policy recommendations include strengthening community participation in land management decisions and expanding access to credit for small-scale farmers, particularly women and youth.
Women's Leadership Training Workshops in Rural Ghana
This study examines Women's Leadership Training Workshops held in rural Ghana , focusing on their impact on participants' career paths within the context of African Studies. Qualitative research methods were employed, including participant observation, interviews, and document analysis to gather data on the effectiveness of these training sessions over time. Participants reported significant improvements in their confidence levels and professional networks as a result of attending the workshops. Themes identified include enhanced leadership skills, increased job satisfaction, and better networking opportunities within rural Ghanaian communities. The workshops played a crucial role in empowering women to advance professionally by fostering leadership abilities and creating supportive community networks. Future initiatives should focus on replicating these successful workshops across other regions of Ghana, with an emphasis on long-term support for participants' career development. Women's Leadership Training, Rural Development, Professional Growth, Community Networks
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Environmental Impact Assessments and Public Acceptance of Waste Management Technologies in South African Cities,
This study examines environmental impact assessments (EIAs) of waste management technologies implemented in South African cities and explores public acceptance surveys conducted during a period when such interventions were being rolled out. A comparative analysis was conducted using data from multiple South African cities where waste management projects were implemented between and . The study employed survey methods to gather quantitative data from residents living near waste treatment facilities, alongside qualitative interviews with local authorities and community leaders. The findings indicate that while EIAs provided a structured framework for environmental compliance, they often lacked thorough stakeholder engagement, leading to inconsistencies in public acceptance across different cities. There was a notable variation in the proportion of residents who expressed support or opposition to new waste management technologies based on the EIA process. The study concludes that while EIAs are essential tools for environmental protection and regulatory compliance, their success is significantly influenced by how effectively they engage with local communities. This has implications for future EIA processes in waste management projects across South Africa. Recommendations include enhancing the transparency of EIA processes, involving a broader range of stakeholders including community members, and integrating public acceptance surveys into initial planning stages to better inform decision-making and reduce resistance. Environmental Impact Assessments, Waste Management Technologies, Public Acceptance Surveys, South Africa, African Studies
Language Policy and Education Outcomes in Ghana
Ghana is a multilingual country where multiple languages are used in education and governance. The official language of Ghana is English, but there is significant use of local languages such as Twi and Akan. The study employs a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from NEMS surveys with qualitative interviews in selected schools. Data analysis involves descriptive statistics and thematic coding for qualitative findings. A significant proportion (35%) of students reported difficulties understanding instruction when using English as the medium of instruction, particularly in regions where local languages are not used extensively in classrooms. This affects their academic performance negatively. Language policies significantly influence educational outcomes; bilingual education programmes can improve student engagement and achievement by addressing language barriers effectively. Future research should investigate long-term impacts and potential solutions to enhance inclusivity and effectiveness of language policy implementation. Governments should prioritise the development of comprehensive bilingual education curricula that integrate both local languages and English, alongside teacher training in multilingual pedagogy. Schools in regions with low proficiency rates should be provided additional support materials and resources.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance's Influence on Women Entrepreneurs in Ethiopian Cities, 2004
Microfinance has emerged as a significant financial tool for poverty alleviation in developing countries, particularly targeting women entrepreneurs who often face systemic barriers to accessing formal banking services. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating semi-structured interviews with key informants and focus group discussions to gather detailed insights into the experiences and perceptions of women entrepreneurs in microfinance programmes. Findings indicate that microfinance has positively influenced 75% of the participants by enabling them to secure capital for their businesses, thereby increasing their operational efficiency and profitability. Microfinance also facilitated access to other financial services such as insurance and savings accounts. The study concludes that while microfinance provides essential funding, its effectiveness is contingent upon tailored support mechanisms designed to address gender-specific challenges in accessing and managing resources. Policy makers are encouraged to implement targeted interventions aimed at enhancing the inclusivity of microfinance programmes by addressing cultural norms and providing education on financial management skills. Additionally, there should be a focus on creating more diverse loan products that cater to women’s specific needs.
Community Health Worker Programmes and Diarrheal Disease Prevention in Southern Mozambique
Southern Mozambique faces significant challenges in managing diarrheal diseases, particularly among vulnerable communities. Community Health Worker (CHW) programmes have been implemented as a strategy to improve health outcomes. The study employs both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires administered to households, while qualitative insights are derived from interviews with community members and CHWs. CHW programmes demonstrated a notable reduction in diarrheal disease incidence rates by 30% compared to baseline levels, particularly among children under five years of age. Interviews revealed that consistent messaging about hygiene practices was most effective in changing behaviour. This study underscores the critical role of CHWs in enhancing health literacy and promoting sustainable disease prevention strategies in Southern Mozambique's communities. Expanding training programmes for CHWs to include additional skills such as nutrition education, and integrating community-based healthcare initiatives into existing systems are recommended.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Environmental Justice Movements in South African Resource-Rich Communities
Environmental justice movements have gained traction in resource-rich communities globally, including South Africa's mineral wealth areas. In South Africa, these movements often focus on addressing environmental injustices and promoting sustainable development. The research employs qualitative methods such as semi-structured interviews and document analysis to understand local perceptions and experiences related to environmental issues and their governance. Data from 20 communities across South Africa were analysed for thematic coherence. A significant proportion (35%) of interviewed community members reported experiencing direct impacts of mining activities, including water contamination and land degradation, which led them to engage in collective advocacy efforts against resource extraction companies. The findings underscore the critical role of grassroots environmental justice movements in South African communities, highlighting their ability to influence policy decisions and promote more equitable resource management practices. Future research should focus on long-term sustainability measures and community empowerment strategies. Policy makers are urged to integrate community voices into decision-making processes related to natural resources, ensuring that sustainable development is achieved without exacerbating environmental injustices.
The Historical Foundations of Contemporary Challenges in Chad's Governance Systems
This study examines the historical roots of contemporary governance challenges in Chad, focusing on African Studies. An action research approach was employed, involving interviews with former officials and a literature review of Chadian history and governance structures. Themes emerged from the data include colonial legacies influencing modern administrative divisions and ethnic tensions impacting public service delivery. Historical factors significantly influence contemporary governance challenges in Chad. Policy recommendations aimed at addressing current issues should consider historical context to foster more effective governance structures.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pan-Africanism has been a significant force in shaping African policies and societal structures since its inception in the early 20th century. In Liberia, a country with a rich cultural heritage and complex political history, pan-African initiatives have faced both challenges and opportunities over the past decades. The study employed a structured questionnaire distributed among a diverse sample of Liberians across different regions. Participants were selected based on their involvement or interest in pan-African activities to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. Findings indicate that while pan-Africanism is widely recognised and celebrated, particularly in education and cultural preservation, it faces significant challenges related to economic integration and political participation among certain segments of Liberian society. The survey underscores the need for a more inclusive approach to pan-Africanism in Liberia, emphasising the importance of bridging gaps between urban centers and rural communities. This will require targeted initiatives aimed at fostering economic opportunities and enhancing political engagement across all regions. Future research should focus on developing tailored strategies that address specific challenges within Liberian society, such as promoting entrepreneurship among marginalized groups to stimulate local economies. Additionally, efforts should be made to increase political awareness and representation of pan-African initiatives in national policy dialogues.
Urbanization, Informal Settlements, and Social Welfare in Kenyan Cities
Urbanization in African cities, such as those in Kenya, has accelerated over recent decades, leading to significant changes in settlement patterns and social welfare structures. The analysis employs a comparative approach, utilising secondary data from various Kenyan cities to evaluate differences in urban development strategies and their effects on social welfare outcomes. Urbanization has resulted in an uneven distribution of infrastructure and services across different settlements. Informal settlements face disproportionate challenges with regards to access to essential services such as healthcare and education. The study highlights the critical need for more inclusive urban planning practices that consider the needs of all residents, especially those living in informal areas. Policy recommendations include enhancing financial support mechanisms for informal settlements, integrating them into broader urban development plans, and improving service delivery efficiency through targeted interventions.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Zimbabwe is a country deeply embedded in various regional economic blocs that influence its socio-economic development. Understanding these blocs from an ethnographic perspective can provide insights into how local communities perceive and interact with different economic arrangements. The research employs an ethnographic approach, combining participant observation, in-depth interviews, and archival data analysis to gather qualitative insights into the experiences of individuals and communities across different regions affected by regional economic integration initiatives. A notable finding is that small-scale farmers in the Zambezi Valley region perceive SADC's agricultural agreements as beneficial for their livelihoods, with a significant proportion experiencing increased market access and improved yields due to these partnerships. The ethnographic study reveals nuanced perceptions of regional economic blocs among Zimbabwean communities, highlighting both benefits and challenges. These insights are crucial for policymakers aiming to enhance the inclusivity and effectiveness of regional integration efforts in Africa. Policy recommendations should prioritise community engagement and tailor support programmes to address specific needs identified through this ethnographic research, ensuring that regional economic blocs contribute positively to all sectors of society.