Ethical Challenges in Business Operations during Conflict-Affected Regions of São Tomé and Príncipe

Business operations in conflict-affected regions often face unique ethical challenges that require careful consideration to ensure sustainable development and social cohesion. The study employed a qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews with key informants from various sectors including tourism, agriculture, and healthcare. Data was collected through online platforms and in-person meetings across different regions of São Tomé and Príncipe. A significant finding is the prevalence of dual roles among business personnel who must balance their professional duties with humanitarian responsibilities during times of conflict. This duality often leads to moral conflicts, particularly regarding resource allocation and community engagement strategies. The research underscores the importance of ethical frameworks in business operations within conflict zones. It highlights that a comprehensive understanding of local contexts is essential for effective decision-making. Businesses should establish clear guidelines on ethical conduct under conflict conditions, prioritise transparent communication with stakeholders, and foster collaboration between businesses and humanitarian organizations to mitigate risks and promote positive impacts.