Methodological Evaluation of Emergency Care Systems in Ethiopian Hospitals Using Difference-in-Differences for Clinical Outcome Assessment

Emergency care systems in Ethiopian hospitals are critical for patient outcomes but often lack standardised protocols. A difference-in-differences analysis was employed to compare pre- and post-intervention treatment times among patients in Ethiopian hospitals. The analysis revealed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in mean patient wait time from the emergency department to clinical care, indicating improved efficiency. The difference-in-differences model effectively measured clinical outcomes and suggests improvements in emergency care units can be quantitatively assessed. Implementing standardised protocols based on findings could lead to enhanced patient safety and reduced wait times. Emergency Care, Difference-in-Differences, Clinical Outcomes, Ethiopian Hospitals Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.