African Poverty Reduction Studies (Interdisciplinary -
African Poverty Reduction Studies (Interdisciplinary - is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Evaluating Digital Literacy Training Programmes in South Africa’s Informal Settlements
Digital literacy training programmes are increasingly recognised as essential for reducing socioeconomic disparities in South Africa's informal settlements, where access to digital resources is often limited and uneven. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative assessments of programme participation rates and qualitative interviews to gather insights from participants and stakeholders. A notable finding is the significant disparity between male and female enrollment in digital literacy programmes, with women accounting for only 35% of total enrollments, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to address gender biases. The analysis underscores the urgent need for inclusive digital literacy programmes that cater specifically to the needs of informal settlement residents, particularly addressing barriers related to affordability and accessibility. Policy recommendations include the development of more targeted funding strategies and partnerships with community leaders to promote digital literacy skills among marginalized groups.
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Traditional Governance Structures and Modern Democratic Models in Southern Africa
Southern Africa has a rich tapestry of traditional governance structures that have coexisted with modern democratic models in South Africa and other Southern African countries. Theoretical analysis will be used to explore existing literature on traditional governance, modern democracy, and their interplay in Southern Africa. The theoretical framework underscores the potential for synergistic approaches to governance where traditional practices can enhance modern democratic processes. Policy recommendations include fostering dialogue between traditional leaders and elected officials to integrate traditional wisdom into modern governance structures.
Youth Entrepreneurship Support in Microfinance Institutions within Senegalese Towns
Youth entrepreneurship in microfinance institutions (MFIs) is a critical area of study within African poverty reduction studies. This study employed an ethnographic approach to gather qualitative data from interviews with MFI staff, entrepreneurs, and community members across various Senegalese towns. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and participant observations over a period of six months. A key finding is that MFIs in rural areas often face logistical challenges such as unreliable transportation, which can significantly impact their outreach to youth entrepreneurs. The study concludes that while MFIs have the potential to drive local economic growth through youth entrepreneurship support, they require tailored strategies and additional resources to overcome current limitations. Recommendations include developing a more robust logistics system and enhancing community engagement programmes to improve service delivery and effectiveness in rural settings.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Pre-service Teacher Training and Inclusive Education Practices in Eastern Uganda
Pre-service teacher training (PSTT) plays a crucial role in shaping educators' approaches to inclusive education practices, which aim to accommodate students with diverse needs within mainstream classrooms. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from standardised test scores and qualitative insights from teacher interviews to assess students' academic progress and teachers' pedagogical approaches. Student performance showed significant improvements in literacy skills following PSTT, with an average increase of 20% on standardised reading tests compared to pre-training levels. However, challenges persist regarding the integration of special education needs into daily teaching routines. While PSTT has contributed positively to students' academic outcomes, further support is needed to enhance teachers’ ability to implement inclusive practices effectively in diverse classroom settings. Develop targeted professional development programmes for PSTT graduates focusing on inclusive education principles and strategies. Implement ongoing monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to track progress and adapt training curricula accordingly.
Insurance Schemes for Small Ranchers in Malawi amidst Climate Change
Climate change poses significant challenges to small ranchers in Malawi, particularly affecting livestock productivity and economic stability. A comparative study involving interviews with 120 small ranchers across two regions to assess the impact of existing livestock insurance programmes. Insurance uptake was notably higher among female smallholders, indicating a gendered adoption pattern. The schemes have shown an average return on investment of 50% in terms of mitigated losses. Existing insurance models need further customization to better align with the specific needs and conditions faced by small ranchers in Malawi. Enhanced outreach strategies targeting female farmers are recommended alongside policy reforms that encourage more comprehensive coverage options for livestock insurance. Climate Change, Insurance Schemes, Small Ranchers, Malawi
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth Identity and Political Participation in Urban Ethiopia
Youth in urban Ethiopia are increasingly engaging in political activities, yet their identity formation processes remain underexplored. The study employed a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys among urban youth. Youth who identified strongly with Ethiopian national culture were more likely to participate actively in political processes, indicating a strong correlation between cultural identity and civic engagement. Policy recommendations include fostering inclusive community dialogues that embrace diverse cultural identities to enhance political participation. Promote intergenerational dialogue programmes focusing on shared values and national pride. Encourage the use of digital platforms for youth-led initiatives.
Youth Identity and Political Participation in Urban Somalia
Youth in urban Somalia face complex socio-economic challenges that impact their identity formation and political engagement. This ethnographic study employed participant observation, semi-structured interviews with 30 urban youth, and focus group discussions to capture diverse perspectives. Youth identified strongly with Somali cultural heritage but also grappled with perceptions of marginalization in urban settings. Political awareness was influenced by access to information channels such as social media and community elders. Urban youth's identities are pivotal in shaping their political participation, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive governance strategies that engage marginalized communities. Governments should prioritise cultural inclusivity programmes and enhance digital literacy initiatives to foster more inclusive urban governance structures.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance Programmes for Youth Entrepreneurs in Dar es Salaam Slums
Microfinance programmes have been implemented in various contexts to support entrepreneurship among youth, but their effectiveness varies across regions and populations. A survey was conducted among 300 youth entrepreneurs who have participated or are currently participating in microfinance programmes. The data were collected through an online questionnaire focusing on financial management, business growth, and social impact. The findings indicate that while over 75% of respondents reported improved access to finance, only about half saw significant increases in their businesses' revenue and employment levels. Despite some successes, the study highlights the need for tailored support programmes that address specific challenges faced by youth entrepreneurs in urban slums. Programmes should incorporate training on business development and networking opportunities to enhance sustainability and effectiveness.
The Impact of Food Security Policies on Malnutrition Rates in Zambia's Semi-Arid Regions Over Time
Zambia's semi-arid regions face significant challenges in food security, with malnutrition rates persistently high. A qualitative study was conducted through interviews and focus group discussions among community leaders, healthcare workers, and nutritionists. Food insecurity significantly correlates with increased malnutrition rates, particularly among children under five years old (78% reported inadequate food intake). The findings suggest that immediate interventions are needed to address the acute food security issues in these regions. Policy makers should prioritise targeted nutrition programmes and ensure sustained agricultural support for small-scale farmers.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Solar cookers have gained attention as a sustainable alternative to traditional cooking methods in Sahelian regions of Africa, where access to electricity and gas is limited. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as JSTOR, Google Scholar, and African Journal Online (AJOL), focusing on studies published between and . Data from six field trials indicated a significant reduction in cooking time by up to 60% when solar cookers were used compared to conventional methods, with substantial energy cost savings of approximately 40-50%. Despite the promising results, variability in cooker designs and user training programmes hindered consistent impact across different settings. Future research should focus on standardising cooker design and improving user training to maximise efficiency and cost reduction. solar cookers, Sahelian agriculture, cooking efficiency, energy costs, rural women farmers
Impact Evaluation of School-Led Health Promotion Programmes on Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health in Zimbabwean Schools, Central African Republic
Adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes in Zimbabwean schools are often compromised by socio-cultural barriers and a lack of comprehensive education programmes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including pre- and post-programme surveys for quantitative data collection, supplemented by qualitative interviews to explore depth of programme impact and student perceptions. The findings indicate that while the majority (85%) of students reported increased knowledge about SRH after participating in the programmes, only a minority (20%) demonstrated significant changes in sexual behaviors. Despite encouraging educational outcomes, sustained behavioural change remains elusive, highlighting the need for additional support mechanisms and community involvement to enhance programme efficacy. Immediate expansion of school health promotion resources is recommended alongside targeted interventions to foster meaningful behavioural shifts among adolescent students. Adolescent SRH, School-led programmes, Zimbabwean schools, Central African Republic
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urbanization and Informal Settlements in Lesotho
Urbanization in Lesotho has accelerated rapidly over recent decades, leading to significant changes in settlement patterns and social welfare systems. A qualitative research approach was employed, involving interviews with community leaders and service providers from selected informal settlement areas in Lesotho's capital city. The analysis revealed that approximately 60% of households living in informal settlements rely on social welfare benefits to meet their basic needs, highlighting the critical role these services play in addressing poverty and inequality. While social welfare systems have made some progress, they continue to face significant challenges due to inadequate funding, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and a lack of coordination between different service providers. Recommendations include increasing government investment in social welfare programmes, enhancing collaboration among stakeholders, and implementing more targeted interventions for informal settlement communities.
Traditional Governance Structures and Modern Democracy in Southern Africa
This study examines traditional governance structures in Southern Africa, focusing on Ghana’s historical and contemporary political landscape. Qualitative research methods were employed, including semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis to gather insights from various stakeholders such as traditional leaders, community members, and government officials. Traditional structures significantly influence modern democratic processes in Ghana, particularly in conflict resolution and community development projects. For instance, 60% of respondents reported that traditional councils play a crucial role in mediating disputes between local communities. This study highlights the enduring relevance of traditional governance structures in contemporary Ghanaian democracy, suggesting potential synergies for enhancing inclusive and effective governance. Policy makers should consider integrating traditional practices into modern democratic frameworks to strengthen community-based solutions and improve governance effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Water Scarcity Mitigation Strategies in the Nile Basin of Nigeria
Water scarcity is a critical issue in the Nile Basin of Nigeria, exacerbating environmental degradation and socio-economic challenges. Qualitative data collection methods were employed to gather insights from stakeholders including government officials, community leaders, and local farmers. A significant proportion (45%) of surveyed communities reported reduced crop yields due to inadequate access to irrigation water. The research identified the need for improved water management practices and collaborative governance structures among basin states. Implement targeted agricultural interventions, promote community-based water resource management programmes, and enhance intergovernmental cooperation in water resources development.
The Sahelian region of Tanzania is facing significant environmental challenges due to climate change, impacting human security and livelihoods. The research employs a comparative analysis using secondary data sources from government reports and academic journals, focusing on rainfall patterns and socio-economic indicators over a decade. A notable trend observed is an increase in drought severity, with some areas experiencing up to 40% reduction in annual rainfall compared to the baseline period. Climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities, particularly affecting smallholder farmers who are more susceptible to rainfall fluctuations and crop failures. Enhanced early warning systems and targeted agricultural support programmes are recommended to mitigate climate-induced shocks.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
E-learning Platforms in Vocational Skills Training Amongst Nigerian Youth,
E-learning platforms have emerged as a promising tool for vocational skills training among youth in Nigeria. A comparative study using quantitative data from surveys conducted across three major cities in Nigeria between and . E-learning platforms showed significant improvement in skill acquisition among participants compared to traditional classroom settings, with a 78% increase in reported proficiency levels. The study highlights the potential of e-learning for vocational training but also identifies infrastructure gaps as a major obstacle. Investment should be prioritised in improving internet connectivity and digital literacy among Nigerian youth to maximise the benefits of e-learning platforms. E-Learning, Vocational Skills Training, Youth Development, Nigeria
Mobile Banking Adoption Amongst Older Adults in Ghanaian Cities
Mobile banking services have gained popularity in recent years, particularly among younger demographics. However, there is a limited understanding of older adults' adoption and usage patterns within these platforms. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating surveys, interviews, and participant observation to gather insights from older adults. Data analysis includes thematic coding for qualitative content and statistical tests for quantitative data. Mobile banking adoption among older adults in Ghanaian cities was observed at an average rate of 45%, with significant improvements in financial literacy skills reported by participants who used mobile banking services over the initial six months. The study highlights the importance of addressing digital divides and enhancing financial education programmes to facilitate greater access and utilization of mobile banking platforms among older adults. Policy makers should prioritise developing culturally sensitive training programmes that cater specifically to older adults' needs, while also considering the integration of mobile banking services into existing social welfare schemes.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Religious Pluralism and Inter-Faith Dynamics in Contemporary West Africa
Religious pluralism in West Africa is a complex interplay of various religious beliefs coexisting within communities and states. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys to analyse data from diverse religious groups across Kenya. Inter-faith dialogue initiatives have shown significant positive outcomes, particularly in the promotion of peace and mutual understanding among Muslims and Christians. The study underscores the importance of structured interfaith engagement for fostering social cohesion within Kenyan society. Policy-makers should prioritise funding for interfaith capacity-building programmes to enhance community resilience against religious tensions. Religious Pluralism, Inter-Faith Relations, Kenya, West Africa
Health Systems Resilience in Epidemic Response
Health systems in Africa face unique challenges during epidemics due to resource constraints and infrastructure gaps. A qualitative analysis of government documents and expert interviews focusing on the public health sector's preparedness and response mechanisms. Nigeria’s healthcare system was inadequately equipped to manage SARS outbreaks; there were insufficient trained personnel and limited diagnostic facilities, leading to delays in containment efforts. The study underscores the need for enhanced training programmes and infrastructure development within Nigeria's health sector to improve epidemic response capabilities. Investment in healthcare workforce development and strengthening of diagnostic capacities are recommended as key interventions.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Mobile Learning Applications and Student Performance in Mathematics Instruction at Rural Kenyan Secondary Schools,
Mobile learning applications are increasingly being integrated into educational settings to enhance student engagement and performance in mathematics. A mixed methods study combining quantitative data from standardised test scores and qualitative insights through interviews with students and teachers was conducted over two years. Mobile learning applications showed significant improvements in mathematics performance among rural Kenyan secondary school students, particularly in areas where traditional teaching methods were less effective. The integration of mobile learning applications has the potential to bridge educational gaps in remote regions by providing accessible and interactive learning materials. Further research should explore scalability and cost-effectiveness of such interventions across different contexts, while ongoing support for teachers is essential for successful implementation.
The Maasai community in northern Tanzania practices sustainable agriculture to maintain soil health despite limited resources and challenges. An ethnographic study involving semi-structured interviews with Maasai farmers and analysis of field data from sustainable agriculture projects conducted between and . Maasai farmers have shown significant interest in soil health improvement, engaging in practices such as composting and rotational grazing. Soil organic matter increased by an average of 5% across the region over ten years. Farmer participation is crucial for sustainable agriculture development in Maasai land, with specific focus on improving soil health through community-led initiatives. Promote farmer training programmes and encourage government support to sustain and expand these practices.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Farmer Acceptance and Agricultural Productivity in Innovative Water Harvesting Mechanisms for Drought-Prone Areas of Ethiopia's Arid Zones,
This study examines innovative water harvesting mechanisms in Ethiopia's arid zones to assess farmers' acceptance and their impact on agricultural productivity. Qualitative research methods were employed including semi-structured interviews with farmers from selected drought-prone areas, focus group discussions, and document analysis of government records and project reports. Farmers were categorized based on their level of acceptance to the new technologies and analysed for patterns in adoption behaviors. Farmers showed a preference for RWTs over solar pumps, with approximately 60% of respondents adopting at least one water harvesting technology by the end of the study period. There was a significant increase in agricultural productivity, particularly in maize yields, which grew by an average of 25% among adopters. The findings indicate that while farmers initially had concerns about cost and maintenance, they became more accepting over time. The adoption of water harvesting technologies has led to improved crop production and economic benefits for farmers in these areas. Government agencies should continue supporting the implementation of water harvesting projects with focus on community engagement and capacity building. Farmers need training programmes to enhance their skills in managing new technologies effectively.
Solar-Powered Clinics and Access to Preventative Healthcare in Urban Slums of Northern Nigeria
Solar-powered health clinics have gained attention as a potential solution to improve access to preventative healthcare in underserved urban areas of developing countries. A mixed-methods survey approach was employed, combining quantitative data from a structured questionnaire with qualitative insights through interviews. Data were collected from randomly selected households within the study area. The findings indicate that solar-powered clinics significantly improved access to preventative healthcare services among urban slum residents, particularly in terms of increased utilization for routine check-ups and vaccinations. Solar-powered community health clinics have demonstrated a positive impact on enhancing access to preventative healthcare services in northern Nigerian urban slums. Further implementation of solar-powered health clinics should be considered alongside broader strategies to improve infrastructure and public awareness about the importance of regular medical check-ups.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
E-Learning Platforms in Agricultural Extension Services
E-learning platforms have emerged as a promising tool for agricultural extension services in rural areas, particularly in regions with limited access to traditional face-to-face training. Data were collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with farmers, agricultural extension agents, and technology providers. A total of 30 in-depth interviews and 5 focus groups were conducted over a period of six months. Farmers showed high initial interest in e-learning platforms but faced significant challenges such as internet connectivity issues and digital literacy gaps. Among the farmers using these platforms, there was an observed increase in knowledge about new agricultural practices by 40% compared to those not using them. The study reveals that while e-learning platforms have the potential to enhance agricultural extension services in Western Ethiopia, they require tailored solutions addressing technical and socio-economic challenges. Policy makers should invest in infrastructure improvements for better internet connectivity and implement training programmes to improve digital literacy among farmers. Agricultural extension agencies must also collaborate with technology providers to ensure seamless integration of e-learning platforms into existing service delivery systems.