Malnutrition is a significant public health issue in early childhood development, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Chad, where it can lead to long-term cognitive deficits. The approach is purely theoretical and employs a comprehensive review of existing literature on nutrition, child development, and cognitive function in low-income settings. While this framework underscores the profound impact of malnutrition on cognition, it also identifies potential interventions and strategies that could mitigate these effects. Policy makers should prioritise nutrition-focused programmes to support vulnerable populations in Chad and potentially across similar contexts. Early intervention initiatives are crucial for reversing the cognitive deficits associated with malnutrition.