African Social Development (Interdisciplinary -
African Social Development (Interdisciplinary - is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Comparative Psychological Profiles across Nigerian Regions
Comparative psychological studies in Africa have highlighted regional variations in mental health outcomes, educational attainment, and socio-economic factors. However, few studies integrate both qualitative and quantitative methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of these differences. The study employs a multi-informant design combining quantitative surveys (N=1000) with qualitative interviews (n=50). Data collection covers four major Nigerian regions: North, South, East, and West. Qualitative data are triangulated to ensure robustness and depth. The findings indicate a significant regional disparity in educational achievement scores, with the South region outperforming others by approximately 15%. Additionally, qualitative interviews revealed that cultural stigma surrounding mental health issues is more pronounced in the North region. This study underscores the importance of considering both quantitative and qualitative data to capture nuanced variations across regions. The integration of methods provides a more holistic view of psychological profiles in Nigeria. Future research should continue to utilise mixed-methods approaches, particularly in underrepresented areas like rural Nigeria where regional disparities are most pronounced. Policy makers can use these findings to tailor interventions that address specific regional challenges. Nigeria, Mixed methods study, Comparative psychology, Educational attainment, Mental health
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Nutritional Deficits and Cognitive Developmental Trajectories in Early Childhood
Malnutrition is a significant public health issue in early childhood development, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Chad, where it can lead to long-term cognitive deficits. The approach is purely theoretical and employs a comprehensive review of existing literature on nutrition, child development, and cognitive function in low-income settings. While this framework underscores the profound impact of malnutrition on cognition, it also identifies potential interventions and strategies that could mitigate these effects. Policy makers should prioritise nutrition-focused programmes to support vulnerable populations in Chad and potentially across similar contexts. Early intervention initiatives are crucial for reversing the cognitive deficits associated with malnutrition.
Comparative Psychological Foundations in African Regions
Comparative psychology studies in African regions have shown significant variability in psychological development across different contexts. The methodology involves synthesizing existing literature, ethnographic studies, and psychometric data from various African regions to develop a comprehensive theoretical model. Theoretical insights derived from the comparative analysis highlight potential areas for future empirical research and policy interventions tailored to diverse African contexts. Researchers should prioritise cross-cultural collaboration and utilise existing datasets more effectively to enhance understanding of psychological phenomena across Africa.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community resilience has been identified as a critical factor in post-conflict settings such as Northern Uganda, where trauma and adversity have shaped social structures and individual lives. Theoretical synthesis approach will be employed to integrate existing literature on resilience, trauma, and community engagement within the context of post-conflict recovery in Northern Uganda. This theoretical framework provides a conceptual basis for designing evidence-based community-based trauma intervention programmes in Northern Uganda. Future research should validate these theoretical insights through empirical studies, with the goal of improving existing interventions and enhancing community resilience outcomes.
Technology Integration in Conflict Resolution Programmes among Youth in Darfur, Sudan
The Darfur region in Sudan has experienced significant conflict for decades, with youth being disproportionately affected. In Benin, various programmes have been implemented to address similar issues through technology integration. Qualitative ethnographic methods were employed, including participant observations, interviews, and document reviews to gather data from both regions. Technology integration significantly enhanced the effectiveness of conflict resolution programmes among youth in Darfur compared to Benin settings. Specifically, technology use was more prevalent (85%) and positively perceived (70% positive responses) than traditional methods. The findings suggest that integrating digital technologies can be an effective strategy for improving psychological outcomes in youth facing conflict situations. Programme developers should consider the specific cultural contexts and technological accessibility when implementing technology-based interventions in regions like Darfur.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community Engagement in Conservation Sanctuaries
Community engagement in conservation efforts is crucial for wildlife preservation in African sanctuaries. A mixed-methods approach including surveys, interviews, and focus groups was employed to gather data from local communities. Community involvement varied significantly across reserves; active engagement was observed in 45% of surveyed households. Communities perceive conservation efforts positively but face challenges related to resource allocation and cultural sensitivities. Enhanced community education programmes and fairer distribution of benefits from tourism are recommended for improved participation. community engagement, psychosocial impact, wildlife sanctuaries, Kenyan reserves
Prejudice remains a significant social issue in diverse South African communities, influencing societal cohesion and equality. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 20 community leaders from four distinct communities in South Africa. Data analysed through thematic content analysis. Community-led initiatives focused on intergroup dialogue (45%), cultural exchange programmes (30%), and mentorship schemes for marginalized groups (25%). While the most effective strategies were community-led, there was a need for more structured support from local government and national organizations. Local governments should prioritise funding for community-led initiatives and encourage cross-sector collaboration to address prejudice effectively.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Literacy Workshops for Teachers in Rural Mozambique
Digital literacy has become increasingly important in education, particularly in rural settings where access to technology is limited. A comparative study design was employed, with two groups: a treatment group that received digital literacy training and a control group that did not. Participants were selected based on their availability for participation in workshops. The workshop intervention had a statistically significant positive effect on student performance but did not significantly alter dropout rates. While the study found no impact on dropout rates, it demonstrated that digital literacy training can enhance students’ academic skills. Further research should explore strategies to address high dropout rates in rural Mozambique education settings.
Quantifying Mobile Learning's Impact on Early Childhood Dropout Rates in South Africa
Mobile learning platforms have gained popularity in South Africa as a tool for early childhood education (ECE). Despite their potential to improve access and engagement with ECE, there is limited empirical research quantifying their impact on dropout rates. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including surveys of parents and teachers, focus group discussions, and administrative records analysis. Data were collected from 100 randomly selected primary schools in urban and rural areas across South Africa. Mobile learning platforms showed a statistically significant reduction in dropout rates by approximately 25% compared to traditional ECE methods, with notable improvements particularly evident in low-income communities. The findings suggest that mobile learning is an effective strategy for reducing early childhood school dropouts and could be scaled up to improve educational outcomes across South Africa. Schools should integrate mobile learning platforms into their curricula, while policymakers should consider funding these initiatives as part of broader ECE strategies. Early Childhood Education, Mobile Learning, Dropout Rates, South Africa
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance and Financial Literacy Among Female Farmers in Ugandan Remote Regions 2008
Microfinance initiatives have been implemented in various parts of Uganda to support small-scale farmers, particularly women who face unique financial challenges. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample size representative of rural Ugandan women engaged in agriculture, utilising standardised questionnaires to gather data on financial literacy levels and entrepreneurial activities. Microfinance significantly improved the financial literacy scores by an average of 20% among female farmers, particularly those who received longer-term credit facilities. Entrepreneurial activity participation increased from 45% to 68% in microfinance groups compared to non-participants. The findings suggest that microfinance programmes play a crucial role in enhancing financial literacy and fostering entrepreneurial activities among female small-scale farmers in remote Ugandan regions. Policy makers should consider integrating microfinance into existing agricultural support schemes, focusing on providing longer-term credit facilities to boost the impact of such programmes.
Diverse Communities' Prejudice Reduction Strategies in South Africa
Prejudice remains a significant social challenge in diverse communities of South Africa, where historical and contemporary factors have shaped complex intergroup dynamics. The study employs a participatory action research methodology, involving community members as co-researchers to collaboratively design and implement interventions aimed at reducing prejudice. Data collection includes surveys, focus group discussions, and observational notes from selected communities in South Africa. Community-led initiatives focused on education and dialogue showed significant promise in altering prejudiced attitudes among participants, with a notable shift towards more inclusive behaviors observed in the community settings studied. The action research approach revealed effective strategies for prejudice reduction that are culturally sensitive and contextually relevant to diverse South African communities. These findings offer actionable recommendations for policymakers and practitioners aiming to promote social cohesion. Policymakers should support community-led initiatives, ensure cultural sensitivity in intervention design, and facilitate dialogue spaces that encourage mutual understanding and respect among different groups. Prejudice Reduction, Action Research, Social Cohesion, Diverse Communities, South Africa
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Longitudinal Trends in Mental Health Services Utilization Among Urban Adolescent Migrants in Lagos, Nigeria
Urban adolescent migrants in Lagos, Nigeria face unique mental health challenges due to cultural adaptation, social isolation, and economic stress. A mixed-methods approach combining quantitative survey data from the National Adolescent Health Survey with qualitative interviews to explore service barriers and facilitators. Utilization of mental health services among migrant adolescents decreased by 35% over the decade, indicating a potential decline in access due to economic hardships. The longitudinal study reveals that socio-economic factors significantly impact adolescent migrants' engagement with mental health services in Lagos. Policy-makers should prioritise targeted interventions and financial support for migrant adolescents to improve their access to mental health services.
Promoting Adherence to HIV Treatment from a Health Psychology Lens in Kenya
HIV/AIDS remains a significant public health challenge in Kenya, with adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) being critical for effective treatment and prevention of HIV transmission. A qualitative study employing semi-structured interviews with 30 participants drawn from urban and rural settings in Kenya, focusing on experiences, perceptions, and challenges related to ART adherence. Participants reported significant barriers such as side effects, stigma, and lack of support, which varied by socio-economic status and geographic location. Themes emerged around the need for accessible healthcare facilities and community-based interventions. The qualitative data highlights the multifaceted nature of ART adherence issues in Kenya, emphasising the importance of addressing both individual and structural factors to improve treatment outcomes. Healthcare providers should integrate psychosocial support services into routine care, while policymakers need to enhance access to ART and address systemic barriers such as financial constraints and stigma.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Mental Health Service Utilization among Adolescents in South African Urban Settings
{ "background": "Adolescence is a critical period in human development characterized by significant physiological, psychological, and social changes. Mental health issues among adolescents can significantly impact their academic performance, social interactions, and overall quality of life. In South African urban settings, adolescent mental health services are often underutilized due to various socio-economic factors such as stigma, accessibility barriers, and financial constraints.", "purposeandobjectives": "The study aims to assess the utilization patterns of mental health services among adolescents in South African urban areas by examining their access, utilization rates, and barriers to service use. The objectives are to identify gaps in current adolescent mental health support systems and explore potential interventions to improve service provision.", "methodology": "A cross-sectional survey approach was employed with a sample population drawn from four major metropolitan cities of South Africa. Data collection involved self-reported questionnaires administered via online platforms, covering socio-demographic characteristics, mental health awareness, utilization behaviors, and perceived barriers. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was secured from all participants.", "findings": "The survey revealed that only 35% of adolescents had ever utilised any form of mental health service, with significant disparities observed across urban areas based on socioeconomic status (SES). A thematic analysis identified common barriers such as stigma (42%), cost (30%) and lack of awareness about available services (18%).", "conclusion": "The findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive adolescent mental health support systems in South African urban settings, particularly addressing issues related to stigma and financial constraints.", "recommendations": "Integrating mental health education into school curricula, implementing community-based outreach programmes, and developing targeted interventions for underserved populations are recommended. Additionally, increasing public awareness campaigns can help reduce stigma and improve service utilization rates.", "keywords": "Adolescents, Mental Health Services Utilization, Urban Settings, South Africa", "contribution_statement": "This study provides a detailed insight into the mental health service utilization patterns among adolescents in urban South African
Policy Implications in Ghanaian Psychology Research
Psychology research in Africa, particularly Ghana, is crucial for understanding local societal dynamics and developing effective interventions. A survey was conducted among policymakers, psychologists, and community leaders to identify gaps in current policies and propose actionable recommendations. The survey revealed a significant shortage of trained professionals in mental health care, which is particularly acute in rural areas. Policy reforms are needed to address the identified gaps by increasing funding for training programmes and improving access to psychological services. Develop comprehensive training curricula for local psychologists and expand outreach programmes into underserved regions.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Policy research in Comoros often faces challenges due to limited data and resources, particularly in psychology, which is a nascent field. This study aims to explore how psychological insights can inform policy-making in this context. A purposive sampling strategy was employed to select participants who are influential figures within the psychological community or have direct experience with policy implementation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather qualitative data. The analysis revealed that there is a significant interest in understanding mental health issues among the population, but limited research has been conducted on these topics, suggesting an urgent need for empirical studies. Psychology research in Comoros holds great potential for informing policy decisions, particularly around mental health and social welfare. However, current efforts are fragmented and lack systematic data collection methods. To bridge this gap, the establishment of a centralized database on psychological issues and the training of researchers should be prioritised to ensure more robust evidence-based policies in the future. Policy Research, Psychology, Comoros, Mental Health, Policy Implications
Accessibility and Equity in Mental Health Services in Ghanaian Urban Areas
Mental health services in Ghanaian urban areas are often inaccessible and inequitable, highlighting a need for policy interventions to improve service delivery. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative analysis of existing data on service availability and user satisfaction. Data indicated that only 30% of respondents had access to mental health services, with significant disparities in urban vs. rural areas. The identified gaps suggest a need for increased funding, training for healthcare providers, and community-based initiatives to enhance service equity and accessibility. Implementing targeted policies such as subsidizing therapy costs, expanding telehealth options, and integrating mental health into primary care are recommended.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
School Environment Interventions for Obesity Prevention Among Senegalese Teenagers
Obesity rates among Senegalese teenagers are increasing, highlighting a need for effective prevention strategies. A community-based approach was employed to assess the impact of environmental changes within schools on adolescent health behaviors and outcomes. Schools that implemented nutrition education programmes saw a significant reduction in students' sugar-sweetened beverage consumption by 25% compared to control schools. Interventions focusing on school environments can be effective in promoting healthier dietary habits among Senegalese teenagers. Expanding and sustaining these interventions requires community engagement, policy support, and regular monitoring of student health metrics. Obesity prevention, School environment, Adolescent health, Nutrition education, Dakar, Senegal
Sustainable Agriculture Practices Adoption among Smallholder Farms in Ghana
Sustainable agriculture practices are crucial for enhancing food security and environmental sustainability in Ghana’s Upper East Region, particularly among smallholder farmers who play a vital role in the region's agricultural economy. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving both quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with a sample of 150 smallholder farmers. Data were collected from June to August , focusing on socio-economic profiles, current agricultural practices, and perceptions towards sustainable methods. The survey revealed that over 70% of respondents reported adopting at least one form of sustainable agriculture practice, with the most common being organic fertilizers and intercropping. However, significant challenges related to cost and access to resources were identified as major deterrents to wider adoption. While there is potential for economic growth through sustainable practices, overcoming financial barriers remains a critical challenge. The study suggests that targeted interventions focusing on capacity building and reducing costs could accelerate the adoption of these methods among smallholder farmers in Ghana’s Upper East Region. Policy makers should prioritise funding for research and development of cost-effective sustainable agricultural technologies. Additionally, initiatives aimed at improving access to credit and training programmes would enhance the feasibility of adopting sustainable farming practices.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Tunisian Psychological Practice
Indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) have been recognised for their value in various cultural contexts, including psychology practice. A qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with practitioners was employed to explore the role of IKS in therapeutic settings. The integration of indigenous knowledge systems into Tunisian psychology practice is evolving but faces challenges related to cultural acceptance and professional training. Further research should focus on developing guidelines for incorporating IKS in contemporary therapeutic frameworks while ensuring ethical standards are met.
Factors Influencing Learning Outcomes in Multigrade Classrooms within an Educational Psychology Framework in Botswana
Multigrade classrooms in Botswana present unique challenges due to their mixed-age student populations and limited resources. An action research study employing classroom observations, interviews, and questionnaires was conducted across four primary schools in Botswana. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings indicated that effective communication strategies and differentiated instructional methods significantly improved learning outcomes among multigrade students, with a notable increase in student participation rates from 40% to 65%. The study highlights the importance of tailored teaching approaches in enhancing educational quality in multigrade settings. School administrators should prioritise professional development for teachers on effective communication and differentiated instruction, particularly focusing on low-income communities with high multigrade classrooms. Multigrade classrooms, learning outcomes, educational psychology, Botswana
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Comparative Psychological Perspectives in African Ecologies
Comparative psychology studies have explored human behaviour in diverse ecological contexts globally, but few focus on African ecologies specifically. A qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with a sample of participants representing various ethnic groups across South Africa. Participants exhibited distinct behavioural patterns influenced by their specific ecological niches, particularly in resource management strategies. The findings highlight the importance of considering local ecologies in psychological research to better understand human behaviour. Future studies should incorporate a broader range of cultural and ecological factors into their comparative analyses.
Peer support groups have emerged as a promising intervention for victims of sexual assault in Nigerian slums, offering a safe space for healing and community support. The study employed a mixed-methods approach involving surveys, interviews, and observational assessments to gather data on participants' experiences and progress within the support groups. Participants reported significant improvements in self-esteem (65% increase) and reduced feelings of isolation (40%), with themes emerging around trust-building and mutual support among group members. Peer support groups appear effective in enhancing mental health outcomes for sexual assault survivors, particularly in terms of boosting confidence and fostering stronger community bonds. Further research should explore scalability and sustainability strategies to ensure long-term impact and replication of these successful interventions.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth Engagement Programmes for Homeless Children in Egyptian Coastal Cities
Youth engagement programmes for homeless children in Egyptian coastal cities have become a focal point of social development initiatives aimed at integrating vulnerable youth into mainstream society. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating pre- and post-programme assessments with qualitative interviews to gauge participant experiences and outcomes. Significant improvements in educational enrollment were noted; more than half of the participating children enrolled in secondary schools compared to only a quarter before the programme. The programmes showed promising results in enhancing social integration, particularly through increased access to education which is crucial for future employment prospects. Further research should focus on long-term follow-up and explore scalability of successful interventions across different coastal cities. Youth Engagement Programmes, Homeless Children, Social Integration Metrics, Egyptian Coastal Cities