{ "background": "The diffusion of advanced industrial machinery is critical for enhancing productivity and competitiveness in developing economies. In Ghana, despite targeted industrial policies, the adoption rates of modern fleet technologies in sectors like construction and mining remain poorly quantified, hindering evidence-based policy formulation.", "purpose and objectives": "This policy analysis evaluates the causal impact of a specific industrial modernisation initiative on the adoption of advanced machinery fleets. It aims to quantify the programme's effect, identify key determinants of technological uptake, and provide a methodological framework for similar evaluations.", "methodology": "A quasi-experimental difference-in-differences (DiD) model is employed, using a novel panel dataset of firm-level machinery assets. The core specification is $Y{it} = \\beta0 + \\beta1 (\\text{Treated}i \\times \\text{Post}t) + \\gammai + \\deltat + \\epsilon{it}$, where $Y_{it}$ is the machinery adoption index for firm $i$ in period $t$. Inference is based on robust standard errors clustered at the firm level.", "findings": "The policy intervention had a statistically significant positive effect, increasing the average adoption index by 18.2 percentage points (95% CI: 12.4, 24.0) for treated firms relative to controls. The effect was more pronounced in firms with prior exposure to technical training programmes.", "conclusion": "The industrial modernisation policy effectively accelerated the adoption of advanced machinery fleets. The DiD approach provides a robust framework for isolating the policy's effect from secular trends.", "recommendations": "Policymakers should scale the intervention, with enhanced targeting towards firms lacking technical capacity. Future programmes must integrate dedicated technical training components and establish longitudinal monitoring systems using the demonstrated evaluation methodology.", "key words": "policy evaluation, technological diffusion, difference-in-differences, industrial machinery, Ghana, quasi-experimental design", "contribution statement": "This study provides the first quasi