{ "background": "Transport infrastructure maintenance in developing economies is critical for economic development, yet systematic evaluations of depot-level productivity are scarce. In Senegal, maintenance depots face persistent challenges in resource utilisation and output efficiency, but a lack of longitudinal empirical analysis hinders targeted interventions.", "purpose and objectives": "This study aims to methodologically evaluate the performance measurement frameworks used in Senegalese transport maintenance depots and to empirically estimate the determinants of yield improvement over time. The objective is to identify key operational factors driving efficiency gains.", "methodology": "A panel-data econometric approach was employed, analysing operational data from a representative sample of depots. The core fixed-effects model is specified as $Y{it} = \\alphai + \\beta1 X{1,it} + ... + \\betak X{k,it} + \\epsilon{it}$, where $Y{it}$ is the yield measure. Estimation used robust standard errors clustered at the depot level to account for heteroskedasticity and serial correlation.", "findings": "The analysis indicates that inventory turnover ratio and technician training hours are statistically significant positive drivers of yield. A one-standard-deviation increase in training hours is associated with a 7.5% yield improvement (95% CI: 4.2% to 10.8%). Methodologically, panel-data techniques proved superior to cross-sectional analysis in controlling for unobserved depot heterogeneity.", "conclusion": "The application of panel-data estimation provides a robust methodological framework for evaluating depot performance, revealing that human capital development and inventory management are pivotal for yield improvement in this context.", "recommendations": "Depot managers should prioritise structured technician training programmes and implement lean inventory systems. Policymakers are advised to adopt panel-data performance monitoring as a standard tool for national maintenance audits.", "key words": "infrastructure maintenance, panel data, efficiency, econometric analysis, depot management, yield", "contribution statement": "This paper provides the first application of a panel-data