Reliability Assessment of Water Treatment Facilities in Senegalese Systems Through Randomized Field Trials

Water treatment facilities in Senegalese systems have been implemented to ensure safe drinking water supply. However, their reliability under real-world conditions is not well understood. Randomized field trials were conducted in Senegal between to evaluate the performance of water treatment systems. The study employed a mixed-method approach combining quantitative data on system outputs with qualitative insights from user feedback. The analysis revealed that 78% of facilities functioned reliably, but there was variability in performance across different regions and types of treatment. While the primary goal of water treatment systems is achieved, further optimization is needed to enhance reliability consistently across all facilities. Investment should be prioritised in maintenance and upgrading of less reliable facilities to ensure consistent service quality. Water Treatment Facilities, Senegal, Reliability Assessment, Randomized Field Trials The maintenance outcome was modelled as $Y_{it}=\beta_0+\beta_1X_{it}+u_i+\varepsilon_{it}$, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.