The manufacturing sector in Uganda is crucial for economic growth but faces challenges related to system reliability. A multilevel regression model was employed to analyse data from Ugandan manufacturing plants, accounting for both plant-level and industry-level variability. The multilevel model revealed that the proportion of systems with high reliability varied significantly across different regions (e.g., 72% in Kampala vs. 58% in Eastern Region). Multilevel regression analysis provided insights into system reliability, highlighting regional disparities and suggesting targeted interventions. Targeted improvements should focus on strengthening maintenance protocols and enhancing training programmes to improve reliability across regions. Manufacturing Systems Reliability Multilevel Regression Analysis Ugandan Plants The maintenance outcome was modelled as $Y_{it}=\beta_0+\beta_1X_{it}+u_i+\varepsilon_{it}$, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.