Renewable energy microgrids (REMs) are increasingly being deployed in remote communities worldwide to address energy poverty and climate change challenges. Theoretical synthesis will be employed through an extensive review of existing literature on renewable energy technologies and community engagement in developing countries. This framework identifies critical success factors for promoting renewable energy microgrids in remote East African villages, contributing to the literature on sustainable development in developing regions. Recommendations include engaging with local stakeholders early in project design phases, ensuring equitable distribution of benefits, and fostering community ownership of REM projects.