Community health centers (CHCs) play a crucial role in providing accessible healthcare services in Tanzania, particularly to underserved populations. However, their effectiveness and efficiency are not well understood. A comprehensive analysis of existing studies examining CHCs will be conducted. The effectiveness and efficiency of these centers will be evaluated using mixed-methods including quantitative data from randomized trials to measure health outcomes and qualitative insights from interviews and surveys. The findings indicate that while some CHCs have shown significant improvements in patient satisfaction, there is a need for further standardization in service delivery protocols to ensure consistent quality across all centers. This highlights the importance of standardised training programmes for staff as a means to improve efficiency. This review underscores the critical role of methodological rigor in evaluating CHC systems and suggests that standardising operational procedures could lead to more efficient healthcare delivery, thereby enhancing service accessibility and effectiveness. Further randomized field trials should be conducted with standardised protocols to validate these findings. Additionally, ongoing support for staff training is recommended to sustain quality improvements over time. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.