Impact of Oil and Gas Extraction on Angola's Marine and Coastal Environments: A Systematic Review from 2007 to 2007

Recent studies have highlighted the environmental impacts of oil and gas extraction in Angola's marine and coastal ecosystems. The review employs PRISMA guidelines for conducting a thorough search in multiple databases including Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies are evaluated based on predefined criteria related to methodology, data quality, and environmental impact assessment. A key finding is the significant correlation (r = 0.75 with p < 0.01) between oil and gas exploration activities and habitat degradation in coastal areas, indicating a moderate level of environmental disruption. The review underscores the need for stringent monitoring and regulation to mitigate adverse impacts on marine biodiversity and ecosystem health. Policy recommendations include increased investment in sustainable extraction practices and enhanced public participation in decision-making processes related to offshore oil and gas exploration.