African Economic Geography (Geography/Economics/Social)
African Economic Geography (Geography/Economics/Social) is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
The Influence of Business Education on Entrepreneurship in Uganda
This study explores the impact of business education on entrepreneurship in Uganda, a country where economic development is influenced by the availability and quality of educational programmes. This action research study employed a participatory approach, involving interviews with educators and entrepreneurs in Uganda’s top-tier universities and business schools, as well as surveys of recent graduates to gather data on their entrepreneurial experiences and perceptions. The analysis revealed that while many Ugandan students see entrepreneurship education positively, there is a significant gap between theoretical knowledge acquired through formal education and practical application. For instance, 70% of respondents felt inadequately prepared for real-world business challenges. Business education in Uganda can be improved to better equip students with the skills needed for successful entrepreneurship by integrating more hands-on projects and mentorship opportunities. Ugandan educational institutions should consider incorporating more industry partnerships, case studies from local businesses, and workshops on market trends into their curriculum. Additionally, providing ongoing support through alumni networks could enhance graduates’ chances of starting viable enterprises. Entrepreneurship Education, Business Curriculum, Uganda, Action Research
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Soil Quality Preservation and Yield Stability in East African Highlands Coffee Plantations
Coffee plantations in East African highlands are facing challenges related to soil quality degradation and yield variability due to intensive farming practices. An ethnographic approach was employed, involving in-depth interviews and observations among local farmers and industry experts to understand their perspectives and experiences regarding soil conservation and yield stability strategies. Farmers highlighted the importance of intercropping with nitrogen-fixing plants and implementing crop rotation cycles as key practices for maintaining soil fertility. A notable finding was that integrating at least three different crops per year led to a significant increase in soil organic matter by an average of 5% compared to monoculture systems. The study underscores the critical role of local knowledge and integrated farming methods in achieving sustainable soil quality preservation and yield stability in East African coffee plantations. Farmers are encouraged to adopt diversified cropping systems, while policymakers should promote these practices through extension services and subsidies.
Microfinance's Impact on Family Income Stability in Northern Ghana's Urban Villages Over Three Years
Microfinance initiatives have been implemented in various parts of Africa to address poverty and financial inclusion. In northern Ghana’s urban villages, microfinance has shown promise as a tool for generating income stability. However, there is limited longitudinal data on its long-term impact. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from survey responses with qualitative insights gathered through interviews. Data was collected from 100 randomly selected households across five urban villages. Over the three-year period, there was a significant increase in average monthly income reported by recipients (from $50 to $75 per month). Microfinance programmes appear effective in enhancing family income stability over time. Findings suggest that microloans can be a valuable tool for poverty alleviation and financial inclusion. Further research should explore the sustainability of these programmes, as well as potential areas for improvement to ensure long-term success.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Waste Management Programme Efficacy in Kampala Market Districts
Waste management in Kampala’s market districts is crucial for both environmental sustainability and livelihood improvement. The study employed a comparative design to assess waste management practices in three major market areas using structured interviews and document reviews. A significant proportion (56%) of respondents reported improvements in livelihoods due to better waste disposal, with notable reductions (30%) in environmental pollution. Waste management programmes have had a positive impact on both economic activities and environmental health in Kampala’s market districts. Further integration of sustainable waste management practices into urban planning is recommended for broader application. waste management, livelihood improvement, environmental sustainability, Kampala markets
Ethical Dilemmas in Business Operations during Conflict-Affected Environments in Mali
Business operations in conflict-affected regions often face unique ethical dilemmas due to instability, resource scarcity, and social unrest. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a structured questionnaire survey of business executives and interviews with local stakeholders. Data were analysed using thematic analysis and statistical software. Findings indicate that approximately 45% of respondents experienced conflicts between ethical obligations and profit maximization, highlighting the complexity of operating in unstable environments. Businesses must prioritise stakeholder engagement and compliance with international norms to navigate ethical challenges effectively. Adopting a multi-stakeholder approach, incorporating community feedback into business strategies, and aligning operations with global ethical standards are recommended for sustainable operations in Mali's conflict regions.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Corporate Social Responsibility Practices among Multinational Corporations in Angola
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a significant aspect of business operations, particularly for multinational corporations (MNCs). In Angola, where CSR is increasingly recognised as crucial for sustainable development, MNCs are expected to play a pivotal role in addressing social and environmental challenges. The study employs a mixed-method approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis to evaluate the CSR practices of selected MNCs in Angola. Data collection is conducted through structured questionnaires distributed among key stakeholders including employees, community members, and business representatives. Findings indicate that while most MNCs in Angola have established CSR programmes, there are notable variations in their approach and implementation. For instance, a majority of companies focus on environmental sustainability initiatives (60%), but fewer address social welfare issues such as education and healthcare support (45%). The analysis reveals that while MNCs in Angola show commitment to CSR, there is room for improvement in addressing broader social needs. This study contributes to the existing literature by offering a nuanced understanding of CSR implementation practices within an emerging market context. Recommendations include enhancing collaboration between NGOs and MNCs to leverage resources effectively, promoting transparency in CSR reporting, and encouraging more comprehensive coverage of social welfare programmes to align with Angola's development goals. Corporate Social Responsibility, Multinational Corporations, Angola, Business Sustainability
Precision Agriculture in Coastal Zanzibar
Precision agriculture techniques are increasingly being adopted to enhance crop yields while reducing resource inputs in various agricultural settings. The study employed a case study approach, involving field observations, farmer interviews, and data collection from selected rice farms. A mixed-methods design was used to gather qualitative insights alongside quantitative metrics for analysis. Precision agriculture techniques have led to an average yield increase of 15% compared to conventional farming methods across the sampled coastal rice farms in Zanzibar. The findings suggest that precision agriculture can be a viable strategy for enhancing agricultural productivity and sustainability on Zanzibar's coastal rice farms, with notable improvements in resource utilization efficiency. Adoption of precision agriculture should be promoted through targeted training programmes and supportive policy frameworks to facilitate its wider application across the region.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Challenges and Opportunities in Post-Conflict Business Environments of Madagascar
Madagascar has experienced significant political instability in recent decades, leading to post-conflict conditions that have affected various sectors of the economy, particularly business operations. This ethnographic study employed participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with key stakeholders including business owners, government officials, and community leaders to gather qualitative insights into the challenges and opportunities within Madagascar's post-conflict economy. Businesses in Madagascar report a significant increase (25%) in operational costs due to infrastructure improvements aimed at stimulating economic growth. However, there is also a notable reduction (18%) in perceived market risks as local regulations have become more transparent and predictable. This study highlights the complex interplay of challenges and opportunities in Madagascar's post-conflict business environment, emphasising the need for tailored strategies that address both immediate needs and long-term sustainability initiatives. Businesses should leverage existing infrastructure improvements while also advocating for clearer regulatory frameworks to mitigate risks. Government policies must focus on fostering inclusive growth by supporting small businesses and enhancing community engagement.
Mobile Banking and Financial Inclusion in Rural Kenya
Mobile banking has emerged as a critical tool in enhancing financial inclusion in developing regions, offering access to banking services for remote populations. A mixed-methods approach incorporating both quantitative survey data collection via online questionnaires and qualitative interviews was employed to gather insights into the usage patterns, benefits, and challenges associated with mobile banking services. Among the surveyed population, 72% reported increased access to financial services through mobile banking, highlighting its significant role in bridging the digital divide for rural communities. Mobile banking has demonstrated substantial potential as a catalyst for financial inclusion and economic empowerment in Kenya's rural areas. However, further studies are needed to address barriers such as technological limitations and socio-economic disparities. Investment should be directed towards improving mobile banking infrastructure and digital literacy programmes to enhance accessibility and usability of these services among underserved populations.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Behavioural Economics in African Consumer Protection Policy Design
Behavioural economics has gained prominence in policy circles for its ability to explain deviations from rational choice models, particularly in markets where information asymmetries and cognitive biases are prevalent. In African contexts, these features are often exacerbated by socio-economic challenges such as limited access to financial services and varying levels of education. This study employs a qualitative analysis approach, reviewing existing literature and conducting semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders including policymakers, consumer advocates, and market practitioners to understand current practices and identify gaps in consumer protection measures. Our findings highlight the prevalence of herd behaviour (75%) among Senegalese consumers when making purchasing decisions, particularly during festive seasons. This tendency towards group decision-making can lead to overconsumption and financial strain. The application of behavioural economics in consumer protection policies reveals a significant opportunity for improving outcomes by addressing cognitive biases and social influences that currently undermine effective regulation. We recommend integrating nudging strategies (e.g., default options, framing effects) into existing regulatory frameworks to encourage healthier consumption habits. Additionally, enhancing awareness campaigns targeting both consumers and businesses about behavioural economics principles can be beneficial. Behavioural Economics, Consumer Protection, Senegal, Market Behaviour, Nudging Strategies
Digital ID Programmes' User Experience Impact on Financial Inclusion Among Elderly in Lagos, Nigeria,
Digital ID programmes are increasingly implemented to enhance financial inclusion in developing countries, including Nigeria. However, little is known about how these programmes affect elderly populations. A qualitative research approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of elderly individuals who have used or are currently using digital ID programmes. Data analysis focused on thematic content. The study identified that while the majority (80%) found the registration process straightforward, around 40% reported difficulties in understanding and navigating the programme's user interface, which hindered their ability to fully utilise financial services. User experience significantly impacts the effectiveness of digital ID programmes in promoting financial inclusion among elderly people. Future research should prioritise simplifying interfaces and improving accessibility features. Programme developers should incorporate more accessible design elements into their user interface, particularly for older users who may have different technological literacy levels or mobility challenges.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Microfinance Institutions and Women Entrepreneurs in Ethiopian Development Contexts,
Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) have been a focal point in supporting women entrepreneurs in developing economies, including Ethiopia. This study examines their role within Ethiopian development contexts. Qualitative research methods were employed through semi-structured interviews with female entrepreneurs, MFI managers, and relevant stakeholders to understand the dynamics between MFIs and women’s business ventures. The analysis revealed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.72) between the number of women clients served by MFIs and their overall business growth rates, indicating that higher client engagement leads to better economic outcomes for entrepreneurs. MFIs play a crucial role in empowering women entrepreneurs in Ethiopia through tailored financial services and support systems, fostering entrepreneurship and economic development. Policy recommendations include enhancing regulatory frameworks, improving access to technology, and increasing awareness of MFI benefits among potential clients to maximise their impact.
The AfCFTA's Influence on Southern Africa's Regional Supply Chains in Gambia
The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) aims to create a unified market among all 54 African countries by eliminating tariffs and other trade barriers, fostering economic integration across the continent. The study employs a qualitative approach to analyse existing literature and stakeholder interviews, aiming to provide insights into potential impacts of the AfCFTA on supply chain dynamics. Significant engagement from both domestic and international suppliers has been observed in Gambia's regional supply chains, indicating an increased interest driven by AfCFTA opportunities. The AfCFTA presents a promising opportunity for enhancing economic resilience and diversifying trade partners among Southern African countries, particularly through improved supply chain integration. Policy makers should facilitate infrastructure development to support the growth of regional supply chains, while also encouraging local businesses to leverage new market access opportunities.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Transformation's Impact on Moroccan Retail Sector,
This study examines the impact of digital transformation on the Moroccan retail sector from to , focusing on geopolitical dynamics and consumer adaptation. This study employs a qualitative approach to explore the integration of digital transformation in Morocco's retail sector, focusing on interviews with industry experts and analysis of relevant literature. Digital platforms have significantly altered consumer shopping habits, particularly among younger demographics, influencing store foot traffic and sales patterns in urban areas. The findings highlight a shift towards omnichannel retail strategies that integrate physical stores with online channels, reflecting Morocco's evolving consumer behaviour and technological adoption rates. Retailers should adopt more flexible business models to cater to consumers' growing preference for digital shopping experiences while maintaining in-person engagement.
Access to Digital Education and Student Performance in Kenyan E-Schools 2003
This study examines the impact of access to digital education on student performance in e-schools within Kenya. A survey was conducted among a sample of students enrolled in e-schools across Kenya, with data collected through questionnaires that included questions on digital resource availability and performance metrics such as test scores and attendance records. Students who had regular access to digital educational resources demonstrated an average improvement of 15% in their academic performance compared to those without consistent access. The findings suggest a strong correlation between the availability of digital education tools and student achievement, indicating that enhancing digital infrastructure could be a viable strategy for improving educational outcomes in e-schools. School administrators should prioritise upgrading existing technology and expanding internet connectivity to ensure all students have equitable access to digital learning resources.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Waste-to-Energy Technologies Adoption and Economic Viability Among Small Enterprises in Kenyan Cities
Waste-to-energy technologies have gained traction in addressing urban waste management challenges in Kenya's cities, particularly among small enterprises. The study employed qualitative research methods to explore perceptions and experiences related to technology adoption, focusing on interviews with key stakeholders and document analysis. A notable theme emerged regarding the challenges faced by small enterprises in securing funding for waste-to-energy projects, with over 60% of respondents indicating financial constraints as a significant barrier. Despite these challenges, there is potential for increased adoption if supportive policies and financing mechanisms are developed. Policy makers should consider implementing subsidies or grants to facilitate the uptake of waste-to-energy technologies by small enterprises in Kenyan cities.
Agricultural Insurance and Livelihood Security in Eastern Kenya
Agricultural productivity in Eastern Kenya is vulnerable to climate variability, leading to frequent crop failures and income instability among smallholder farmers. The study employed a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from insurance claims records with qualitative insights from farmer interviews and focus group discussions. A notable proportion (30%) of farmers who purchased agricultural insurance reported reduced financial losses following adverse weather events, indicating improved livelihood security. Agricultural insurance has shown promise in mitigating the negative impacts of climate shocks on rural livelihoods in Eastern Kenya, with a significant reduction in post-event economic hardship among insured households. Government and development partners should expand agricultural insurance coverage to more farmers and integrate it into broader social protection programmes.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Renewable Energy and Rural Employment in North Morocco
Renewable energy sources have emerged as a critical component in Morocco’s economic development strategy, particularly in rural areas where traditional employment sectors are declining. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilising semi-structured interviews with local stakeholders including farmers, entrepreneurs, and government officials. Data collection took place over a period of six months, encompassing both urban and rural settings across the North Moroccan region. The analysis revealed that while solar power adoption has led to significant job creation in manufacturing and installation sectors, wind energy projects have primarily benefitted local logistics and maintenance services. Two-stage technology adoption in renewable energy is contributing to diversification of rural employment opportunities but with uneven impacts across different sectors. Government agencies should prioritise policy frameworks that support both innovation hubs for solar technologies and infrastructure development for wind power, ensuring balanced regional growth.
Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Business Paradigms within Democratic Republic of Congo's Context
Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) in Democratic Republic of Congo's business context remain underexplored, despite their potential to inform modern management practices. A mixed-methods approach combining semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and secondary data analysis was employed. Data collection took place in urban and rural settings, covering both formal and informal economic activities. Quantitative aspects used survey responses to gauge the prevalence of IKS practices among business entities. Findings indicate a significant proportion (45%) of surveyed businesses incorporate traditional wisdom into their decision-making processes, particularly in agriculture and healthcare sectors where IKs are deeply embedded in daily operations. The study concludes that while IKS contribute to sustainable practices in DRC's business environment, integrating these knowledge systems more systematically could enhance the sector’s competitiveness and resilience. Recommendation for policymakers includes fostering collaboration between traditional knowledge holders and modern business practitioners to leverage IKs for economic development. Suggested educational initiatives should include training on IKS applications in management education. Democratic Republic of Congo, Indigenous Knowledge Systems, Business Practices, Mixed Methods Study
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Sustainable Farming Practices Adoption Yields and Environmental Indices Among Heterogeneous Ethiopian Farmers
Sustainable farming practices in Ethiopia have been identified as crucial for addressing environmental degradation and ensuring long-term agricultural productivity. This study will employ a qualitative approach to analyse existing literature and expert opinions on sustainable farming practices in Ethiopia. Data collection will include surveys of farmers, focus group discussions with community leaders, and secondary data analysis from relevant government reports. This theoretical framework article provides a foundational understanding of the adoption rates and impacts of sustainable coffee farming practices among heterogeneous farmer groups in Ethiopia. Policy recommendations include investing in farmer training programmes that emphasise sustainable farming techniques, fostering collaborative efforts between farmers, government agencies, and non-governmental organizations to enhance environmental sustainability indices.
The Informal Economy and GDP Contribution in Côte d'Ivoire
Côte d'Ivoire faces a significant challenge in accurately quantifying its informal economy's contribution to gross domestic product (GDP). Despite efforts by various stakeholders, there is limited empirical evidence on this topic. The study employs a combination of secondary data analysis from official government sources and conceptual frameworks derived from existing literature on the informal economy in Sub-Saharan Africa. A case study approach is used to validate findings. Primary sector activities, particularly agriculture and construction, contributed significantly more than expected to GDP, accounting for approximately 30% of total economic output. Secondary and tertiary sectors also showed substantial contributions. The informal economy in Côte d'Ivoire is a vital component of the country’s economic landscape, accounting for a proportionally larger share of GDP compared to other countries in the region. This highlights the need for more comprehensive data collection methods. Policy makers should consider incorporating informal sectors into national GDP calculations and explore ways to support these enterprises through targeted interventions aimed at improving their operational capacity and market access.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Uganda faces significant challenges in fostering entrepreneurship, which can contribute to economic growth and poverty reduction. A qualitative research design was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with 30 participants from various educational backgrounds in Uganda. Participants highlighted the importance of practical training over theoretical knowledge in developing successful entrepreneurial skills. Business education plays a vital role in shaping attitudes towards entrepreneurship and providing essential business acumen to graduates. Educational institutions should integrate more hands-on learning experiences into their curricula to better prepare students for the realities of starting businesses.