This article examines Maritime Migration and Search and Rescue in the Indian Ocean Region: Towards a Research Agenda with a focused emphasis on Guinea-Bissau within the field of Political Science. It is structured as a qualitative study that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument.