This article examines Bureaucratic Discretion and Corruption Risks in African Public Administration: Power, Agency, and Structural Change with a focused emphasis on Lesotho within the field of Political Science. It is structured as a action research study that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument.