African Childhood and Youth Studies (Interdisciplinary -
African Childhood and Youth Studies (Interdisciplinary - is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Ethical Imperatives in AI and Data Governance
AI and data governance have emerged as critical issues in contemporary African societies, with Nigeria being a prominent case study due to its diverse socio-economic landscape. The analysis is based on a review of literature, legal documents, and policy statements related to AI and data governance in Nigeria. A qualitative approach was employed to analyse case studies and expert interviews. Findings indicate that while there are some regulatory frameworks in place, their implementation often falls short due to lack of enforcement mechanisms and awareness among stakeholders. There is a notable gap in the integration of ethical considerations into AI development strategies. The existing legal and policy structures need reinforcement with stronger enforcement measures and greater emphasis on ethical guidelines. Stakeholder engagement and public education are crucial for achieving meaningful progress towards more ethical AI applications and data governance in Nigeria. - Strengthen regulatory frameworks by enhancing enforcement mechanisms. - Promote public awareness campaigns to educate citizens about their rights and responsibilities regarding AI and data use. - Encourage the development of ethical guidelines for AI application developers and policymakers.
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Political Economy of Natural Resource Extraction in Equatorial Guinea
Natural resource extraction in Equatorial Guinea has been a subject of significant economic importance but also political controversy. Qualitative methods including semi-structured interviews with key informants were employed to explore local perceptions and experiences related to resource exploitation. Key themes emerged regarding the uneven distribution of benefits among communities and government officials, highlighting significant disparities in wealth accumulation. The study underscores the need for more equitable governance practices that prioritise community welfare alongside economic development goals. Policy recommendations include establishing transparent resource management frameworks to ensure fairer distribution of profits from natural resource extraction.
Health System Resilience in Zambian Epidemics
Zambia has experienced recurrent epidemics that have tested its health systems over decades. An interpretive approach informed by secondary data analysis of health policy documents and epidemiological reports. The commentary underscores the importance of sustained investment in community-based services and cross-sectoral collaboration as key strategies for enhancing future health system resilience against epidemics. Policy recommendations include prioritising investments in community healthcare workers and fostering stronger public-private partnerships to strengthen epidemic preparedness and response capabilities.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Climate Change and Human Security in the Sahel
The Sahel region is facing severe climate change impacts, threatening human security in terms of livelihoods, health, and societal stability. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with focus groups and a quantitative survey to explore perceptions and practices related to climate change impacts. The findings reveal that approximately 60% of respondents experienced reduced agricultural yields due to erratic rainfall patterns, affecting food security in the region. Climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities leading to significant challenges for human security in the Sahel. Addressing these issues requires integrated approaches involving both community and governmental sectors. Implement climate-resilient agriculture practices and strengthen early warning systems to mitigate future impacts of climate change on human security.
Gendered Geographies of Power in South African Political Transitions,
Gendered geographies of power have been central to political transitions in South Africa, with significant implications for social and economic development. The analysis is based on secondary data from official reports, academic journals, and policy documents, employing a qualitative approach to explore themes in depth. The study highlights the complex interplay between gender and political structures, emphasising the need for continued efforts to ensure equitable representation and opportunities for all genders. Policy recommendations include strengthening mechanisms that encourage women's participation in decision-making processes and enhancing support systems for female entrepreneurs.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Nutritional Interventions' Programmatic Effectiveness and Longevity in Highland Uganda's Child Malnutrition Combat Strategies
Childhood malnutrition remains a significant public health challenge in highland Uganda, despite efforts to combat it through various nutritional interventions. A mixed methods study integrating quantitative data from nutrition surveys with qualitative insights from focus group discussions and interviews to evaluate the sustainability of nutritional programmes over time. Nutritional status improvements were evident within the first year post-intervention, with a reduction of malnutrition prevalence by 25% among children under five years old. However, after two years, this decline was less pronounced, highlighting potential programmatic challenges and the need for sustained support to maintain gains. The mixed methods approach revealed that while initial nutritional interventions were effective in improving child health outcomes, their long-term sustainability requires ongoing support and adjustments to address emerging issues. Sustainable nutrition programmes should incorporate community engagement strategies, ensure continuous monitoring and evaluation, and provide comprehensive care including education on good nutrition practices.
Theoretical Evolution in Post-Colonial Somali African Philosophy
This article explores the evolution of African philosophy in post-colonial Somalia, a field within African Studies. No empirical data are analysed; instead, the article employs a critical review of existing literature to identify key theoretical shifts in post-colonial Somali African philosophy. Theoretical frameworks have evolved to better accommodate local contexts while also engaging critically with global philosophical discourses. Further research should focus on empirical applications of these theoretical models in Somali communities to assess their effectiveness and relevance.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Solar Irrigation Systems and Rural Youth Livelihoods in Burkina Faso
Solar irrigation systems have emerged as a viable solution for enhancing rural livelihoods in Burkina Faso, particularly among young farmers. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with a survey to gather data from rural youth in Burkina Faso. Despite initial resistance, the adoption rate has shown significant growth over the past decade, suggesting potential for broader implementation. Policy makers should prioritise training programmes to enhance understanding and support for these technologies among rural youth.
Enhancing Immunization Coverage Through Expanded Community Health Worker Networks in Nairobi Slums
Recent studies in Nairobi slums have highlighted significant gaps in immunization coverage among children under five years of age. The analysis is based on a longitudinal study conducted over five years, tracking changes in immunization uptake before and after network expansion across Nairobi slums. Community health workers played a critical role in increasing routine childhood vaccinations by nearly 30% within the first year of expanded networks, particularly among underprivileged communities. The findings suggest that targeted community engagement can significantly boost immunization rates and improve child health outcomes in Nairobi slums. Implementing sustainable community health worker programmes should be prioritised to maintain high immunization coverage and address vaccine hesitancy effectively.
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cultural Adaptation and Resilience in Migrant Communities of Southern Africa
Cultural adaptation and resilience are crucial for migrant communities in Southern Africa, particularly those from Uganda who have migrated to urban centers seeking better economic opportunities. The analysis is based on qualitative interviews with migrant individuals and focus group discussions, supplemented with secondary data from government reports on migration patterns. The findings highlight the importance of social networks and linguistic proficiency in fostering resilience among Ugandan migrant communities. These insights can inform policies aimed at supporting integration and well-being in multicultural urban settings. Policymakers should prioritise initiatives that strengthen community ties, such as language classes for migrants and mentorship programmes connecting them with local residents.
Community Health Workers' Impact on Maternal Healthcare Access and Outcomes in Mombasa Coastal Communities, Kenya
Maternal healthcare access in Mombasa coastal communities has been a critical area of focus due to its significant impact on child health and overall well-being. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a survey of CHWs and qualitative interviews with local mothers to gather comprehensive data on their experiences and perceptions. CHWs reported increased access to antenatal care services by 30% among their clients, though there were notable variations in service utilization based on socioeconomic status. Community health workers significantly improved maternal healthcare access but also highlighted the need for targeted interventions addressing socio-economic disparities. Investment should be directed towards enhancing CHW training and community engagement strategies to ensure equitable healthcare access across all socioeconomic groups.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Language Policy Impacts on Education Outcomes in Mali
Language policies in Mali have evolved to accommodate the country's multilingual nature, with French as the official language and local languages such as Bambara and Soninké being widely used in education. The analysis will draw on existing literature, official government documents, and data from standardised test scores across various regions of Mali. A notable finding is the significant disparity in mathematics proficiency between students who primarily use Bambara at home versus those using French, highlighting challenges in language integration within educational systems. The current language policies are effective in ensuring access to education but fall short in fully addressing linguistic disparities that hinder equitable learning outcomes. To improve educational equity, the government should implement targeted support for non-French speaking students and integrate more local languages into the curriculum.
Climate Change and Human Security in Mali's Sahel Region
Climate change is increasingly affecting human security in Mali's Sahel region, characterized by its arid and semi-arid climate. A comparative study using mixed-methods approach including interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary data analysis from governmental sources. There is a significant disparity in the vulnerability to climate-induced shocks between rural pastoralist communities (60%) and sedentary farming populations (40%). Rural communities are more vulnerable to climate change impacts, necessitating targeted interventions for human security. Investment in early warning systems and community-based adaptation strategies should be prioritised to mitigate the adverse effects on human security.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Inclusion and the Digital Divide in Rural African Communities
Digital inclusion efforts in rural African communities have gained increasing attention due to their potential to bridge socioeconomic disparities and enhance educational outcomes. A structured survey was conducted using a mixed-methods approach involving face-to-face interviews and online questionnaires with a sample size of 450 participants from various rural areas across Kenya. The findings indicate that while internet access is relatively widespread, usage rates vary significantly by age group and educational level. Younger respondents (aged 16-25) showed higher engagement in digital activities compared to older adults (over 50 years old). Rural communities in Kenya face both technological and socio-economic barriers that impede full digital inclusion, necessitating targeted interventions focused on education and infrastructure development. Policy makers should prioritise investments in digital literacy programmes targeting younger populations alongside expanding broadband networks to ensure equitable access across different demographic groups.
Analysing Rural-to-Urban Migration Among Secondary School Students in Nigeria
Rural-to-urban migration is a significant demographic phenomenon in Nigeria, particularly among secondary school students who often move to urban areas for educational and economic opportunities. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative interviews with quantitative data from a survey of 200 participants across four Nigerian states. Data collection occurred in and . Over the five-year period, there was a notable increase in migration trends, particularly among households experiencing fluctuating income levels, where approximately 45% of students moved to urban centers for better educational or employment prospects. The findings suggest that fluctuations in household income significantly impact secondary school students' decisions to migrate from rural to urban areas in Nigeria. Governments and local communities should develop targeted policies to support students and families during periods of income instability, thereby reducing the likelihood of migration.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Informal Cross-Border Trade Dynamics within ECOWAS
Informal cross-border trade (ICT) within ECOWAS has emerged as a significant factor in regional integration efforts. Despite theoretical and empirical studies on ICT, there is limited research focusing specifically on Libya's role in this context. The research employs qualitative methods including interviews with traders, focus group discussions, and document analysis of trade records from various ECOWAS member states and Libya. Data was collected through structured questionnaires administered in major cities across the region. Our findings indicate that there is a significant proportion (35%) of total cross-border trade volume moving through Libya during this period, with agricultural products being the most traded commodity. This study highlights the crucial role of informal trade networks in facilitating regional integration and suggests the need for more inclusive policies to support these activities. Policymakers should consider fostering a regulatory environment that supports cross-border trade while ensuring fair practices, particularly concerning labour rights and environmental standards. Enhanced communication channels between ECOWAS member states could also facilitate smoother regional integration processes.
Pan-Africanism in Zambia has been a subject of interest due to its historical roots and contemporary manifestations. The study utilised a mixed-methods approach involving both qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys among Zambians to gather insights into their perceptions of Pan-Africanism. A notable theme emerged regarding the struggle between traditional cultural values and modern Pan-Africanist ideologies, with 60% of respondents expressing concern about losing cultural heritage in favour of a more unified African identity. This research underscores the complexity of Pan-Africanism in Zambia and highlights the need for inclusive policies that respect both local traditions and broader African unity goals. Policy-makers should prioritise dialogue between different ethnic groups to foster understanding and support cross-cultural initiatives, while also promoting educational programmes that highlight Zambian cultural contributions within an African context.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Traditional Medicine in Contemporary Botswana's Healthcare Systems
Traditional medicine plays a significant role in healthcare systems across Africa, including Botswana, where it often coexists with modern health services. A structured survey was conducted among a representative sample of healthcare providers and patients in urban and rural areas to assess the use and perceived effectiveness of traditional medicine alongside modern healthcare. The survey revealed that approximately 75% of respondents used traditional medicine at least once a month, highlighting its significant role in daily healthcare practices. Traditional medicine is deeply embedded within Botswana's healthcare landscape, offering complementary services to formal health systems and addressing specific community needs effectively. Efforts should be made to strengthen the integration of traditional medicine into national healthcare policies and training programmes to ensure its sustainability and effectiveness. Traditional Medicine, Healthcare Systems, Botswana, African Studies
Community Health Worker Programmes in Maternal and Newborn Care Practices Among South African Slum Residents,
Community health worker (CHW) programmes have been implemented in various settings to improve maternal and newborn care practices. In South African slums, these programmes aim to address high rates of maternal and neonatal mortality. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys to gather data from a representative sample of slum residents over two years. CHW interventions led to significant improvements in knowledge about safe birthing practices (82% increase) and increased the proportion of women who delivered at health facilities by 45%, highlighting effective community engagement strategies. CHW programmes were found to be instrumental in promoting maternal and newborn care adherence, with notable increases in facility deliveries and enhanced knowledge levels among slum residents. Further studies should explore the sustainability of these programmes over longer periods and investigate how CHWs can better integrate into existing community structures.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Land Reform Dynamics and Socio-Economic Impacts in Angola
Land reform has been a critical issue in Angola since the end of its civil war in . This study aims to explore how land distribution and subsequent socio-economic impacts have evolved over time, focusing on East Africa. This study employs a mixed methods approach combining qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys to analyse data from -. Interviews were conducted with farmers and community leaders, while survey responses were gathered from over 500 households across five provinces. Findings indicate that despite initial land distribution efforts, significant disparities in land ownership persist, affecting agricultural productivity and economic stability in rural areas. The study concludes that comprehensive policy measures are required to address persistent inequalities in land distribution, ensuring sustainable development in Angola's agricultural sector. Recommendations include the implementation of targeted subsidies for small-scale farmers and reforms in land tenure laws to promote equitable access to arable lands.
The role of universities in knowledge production and dissemination is crucial within African contexts, particularly in countries like Ghana where higher education institutions play a significant part in shaping educational policies and practices. The study employs a qualitative approach, analysing existing literature and conducting interviews with stakeholders including university administrators, researchers, students, and community members to understand the current landscape of knowledge production and dissemination in Ghanaian universities. Universities in Ghana are actively involved in research projects that address local needs, but there is an uneven distribution of resources across disciplines. For instance, health-related studies receive more funding than those in education or environmental sciences. While universities contribute significantly to knowledge production and dissemination, they face challenges such as resource allocation disparities and limited community engagement, which hinder their full potential in addressing societal needs. To enhance their role, universities should prioritise interdisciplinary research projects that integrate local contexts with global trends. Additionally, fostering stronger partnerships between academic institutions and community organizations could improve the impact of knowledge dissemination.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Educational Technology Platforms Adoption and Implementation Success in Kenyan Primary Schools
This study examines the adoption of educational technology platforms in Kenyan primary schools from to . A mixed methods approach was employed, combining quantitative surveys of primary school educators with qualitative classroom observations to evaluate platform adoption and implementation effectiveness. Educators reported an 85% adoption rate for the educational technology platforms. Classroom observations revealed that while some teachers successfully integrated e-learning into their lessons, others faced challenges in maintaining consistent use over time. The study concludes that while there is significant potential for enhancing education through these technologies, sustained teacher training and support are necessary to ensure effective implementation. Specific recommendations include providing ongoing professional development opportunities tailored to the unique needs of Kenyan primary school educators.
Sustainable Agriculture Practices Training Initiatives in Mozambique's Rural Highlands
Sustainable agriculture practices have been identified as crucial for improving food security in Mozambique's rural highlands, where climate variability and limited resources pose significant challenges to traditional farming methods. This policy analysis employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data collection from participating farmers to evaluate the sustainability of training programmes implemented by local organizations. Analysis revealed that farmer networks significantly enhanced collaboration and knowledge dissemination among participants. A notable increase in maize yields was observed in regions where these networks were well-established, with some farms experiencing a 20% higher yield compared to non-participating areas. The study concludes that sustainable agriculture training initiatives can be effective in boosting crop yields when supported by robust farmer networks and tailored to local conditions. Policy recommendations include fostering stronger collaboration between agricultural extension services and community-based organizations, as well as providing continuous support to build farmers' resilience against climate change impacts.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital inclusion has become a critical issue in contemporary African societies, particularly in rural settings where access to digital technologies is limited. A policy analysis approach was employed, reviewing existing literature, government documents, and stakeholder interviews to understand current strategies and gaps. The study identified a significant disparity with only 20% of rural households having access to the internet, highlighting the urgent need for targeted interventions. Policies must prioritise infrastructure development and digital education programmes to bridge the Digital Divide in Nigeria’s rural communities. Immediate investment in broadband networks and community-based training initiatives are recommended as key steps towards achieving widespread digital inclusion.
Historical Foundations of Governance Evolution in Ethiopian Context
Historical Foundations of Governance Evolution in Ethiopian Context Qualitative analysis of archival documents, oral histories, and secondary data to trace the evolution of governance structures from colonial times to present-day Ethiopia. The study reveals a significant impact of feudal systems on modern Ethiopian governance, particularly in rural areas where traditional leadership patterns persist. The integration of historical governance practices into contemporary policy frameworks can mitigate current administrative inefficiencies and improve service delivery. Policy makers should incorporate insights from historical governance models to enhance community engagement and accountability mechanisms. Ethiopia, Governance Evolution, Historical Foundations, African Studies
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Intergenerational Education Initiatives in Ethiopian Communities
Intergenerational education initiatives have gained attention for their potential to enhance learning outcomes by fostering parent-child engagement and intergenerational support in educational settings. The methodology employed a mixed-methods approach with both quantitative data collection through standardised assessments of child learning outcomes and qualitative data via interviews with parents and teachers to understand the programme's impact and challenges. Parental engagement in intergenerational education initiatives was found to positively influence children’s academic performance, particularly in literacy and numeracy skills. Parents reported increased confidence in their children’s educational journey, attributing this to more frequent home-based learning activities facilitated by these programmes. This study highlights the importance of parent-child engagement for improving educational outcomes among Ethiopian youth. The findings suggest that intergenerational education initiatives can be effective when supported with clear guidelines and resources for both parents and educators. Based on this research, it is recommended that policymakers allocate more support to intergenerational education programmes by providing training sessions for parents and teachers, as well as financial incentives to encourage participation. Additionally, regular evaluations should be conducted to ensure the sustainability of these initiatives. Intergenerational Education, Parent-Child Engagement, Learning Outcomes, Ethiopian Communities