This article examines Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Africa: Treaty Compliance, Regional Denuclearisation, and Emerging Risks: Perspectives from Eastern Africa with a focused emphasis on Ethiopia within the field of Medicine. It is structured as a longitudinal study that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument.