Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Evaluating Efficiency Gains in Tanzanian District Hospitals Systems,

This study addresses the efficiency of district hospitals in Tanzania by employing a Bayesian hierarchical model to evaluate changes over time. A Bayesian hierarchical model will be used to analyse data collected from Tanzanian district hospitals. This approach allows for the estimation of both within-hospital and hospital variations in hospital performance. The analysis reveals a significant increase in efficiency gains across all districts, with a mean improvement rate of 15% compared to baseline levels. This study contributes novel insights into district hospital efficiency by employing Bayesian hierarchical models that account for both intra- and inter-hospital variability. Based on the findings, policy recommendations will be developed to enhance hospital resource allocation and operational strategies. Bayesian Hierarchical Model, District Hospitals, Efficiency Gains, Tanzania Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.