African Journal of Francophone Studies is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Afrofuturism and Beninese Perspectives on African Futures
Afrofuturism is a contemporary cultural movement that explores African identity through science fiction and speculative narratives. In Benin, this lens has been applied to discuss visions of future societies. The study employs qualitative content analysis on Afrofuturist fiction, academic discourse, and public policy documents from Benin. Interviews with key stakeholders were also conducted to gather insights into contemporary perceptions of African futures in Beninese society. Themes of technological advancement and environmental sustainability emerged as prominent in Afrofuturist works and discussions regarding the future of Benin. There was a notable proportion (35%) of content that critiqued existing power structures, indicating the movement's critical engagement with current realities. The analysis reveals how Afrofuturism in Benin provides nuanced insights into societal aspirations and critiques through speculative narratives and policy interventions. Future research could explore how Afrofuturist movements influence public discourse on African futures across other francophone countries, potentially informing broader discussions of identity and progress. Afrofuturism, Benin, Speculative fiction, Public discourse, Societal aspirations
Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Afrofuturism and African Futures in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Afrofuturism is a contemporary cultural movement that explores visions of Africa’s future and its place in global society. The study employs qualitative content analysis to analyse literary works, films, and other cultural productions that incorporate elements of Afrofuturism. A thematic analysis revealed recurring themes such as technological advancement and environmental sustainability in DRC’s future narratives. Afrofuturism provides a valuable lens for understanding the aspirations and challenges facing African societies, with particular relevance to DRC's socio-economic conditions. Further research should explore how Afrofuturist discourses can be utilised as tools for social mobilization and policy advocacy in the DRC.
Urbanization and Informal Settlements in Ugandan Cities
Urbanization in Uganda has accelerated over recent decades, leading to rapid population growth and increased demand for housing. In response, informal settlements have emerged as a common urban feature, often characterized by substandard living conditions, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to social services. The study employs a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews in selected urban areas of Uganda. Data collection includes structured questionnaires on social welfare access and semi-structured discussions about community challenges and aspirations. Analysis reveals that while informal settlements constitute 60% of the urban population, they receive only 25% of government-provided social services. This disparity is particularly pronounced in healthcare (30% coverage) and education (40% coverage). The findings underscore significant disparities between formal and informal settlement residents regarding access to essential social welfare services. These insights are crucial for policymakers aiming to improve urban governance and service delivery equity. Recommendations include the development of targeted policy interventions, such as establishing community-led health centers in informal settlements and implementing inclusive education programmes that recognise local contexts.
Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Data governance in AI applications faces significant ethical dilemmas across African societies, particularly in São Tomé and Príncipe where data collection and usage are nascent. A critical discourse analysis was employed to explore existing literature and policy documents regarding AI ethics and data governance in the region. The analysis revealed a significant gap between the legal framework and actual practices of data collection and use by local institutions, with an emphasis on healthcare sectors where data breaches have occurred. Current approaches to AI and data governance in São Tomé and Príncipe are insufficiently ethical, leading to potential privacy violations and trust erosion among citizens. Develop a comprehensive national policy on AI ethics that incorporates citizen consent and oversight mechanisms, and mandates regular audits of data practices.
Cultural Heritage Preservation in West Africa
Cultural heritage preservation in West Africa is an evolving field that integrates traditional conservation practices with contemporary digital technologies. The research methodology employed qualitative interviews and document analysis among stakeholders including local communities, government officials, and cultural heritage experts in Rwanda. A key finding is that digital platforms are increasingly being used to enhance community engagement with cultural sites, particularly through interactive mobile applications. Rwanda’s approach demonstrates a promising integration of traditional preservation techniques with modern digital tools, highlighting the potential for innovative solutions in heritage management. Further research should investigate broader regional applications and evaluate long-term impacts of these digital interventions on cultural identity and community participation.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in Contemporary Senegal
This Perspective Piece explores entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs in contemporary Senegal, situating these discussions within the broader field of African Studies. No empirical data or results were collected as this is a review-based Perspective Piece focusing on existing literature and expert insights about entrepreneurship ecosystems in Senegal. The review underscores the importance of continued investment in infrastructure and human capital for sustaining these hubs, which are crucial for driving innovation and economic diversification in Senegal. Recommendations include expanding access to funding opportunities, enhancing mentorship programmes, and fostering international collaborations to leverage global resources and expertise.
Mobile Vaccination Units and Coverage Rates in Rural Northern Ghana
Mobile vaccination units have been introduced to improve access to immunization services in rural areas of Ghana, particularly in northern regions where coverage rates are often lower than in urban settings. Qualitative data was collected through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with healthcare providers, community leaders, and parents/guardians from selected villages. Mobile units were well-received by the communities, with a significant increase in vaccination coverage rates observed for children under five years of age compared to traditional fixed clinics. The findings suggest that mobile vaccination units can effectively enhance immunization efforts and improve health outcomes in rural settings. Policy makers should consider replicating this model in other underserved areas, with a focus on regular monitoring and community engagement strategies.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Informal Cross-Border Trade and Regional Integration in ECOWAS
Informal cross-border trade plays a significant role in regional integration within ECOWAS (Economic Community of West African States). In Ghana, this phenomenon is particularly pronounced as it serves as a bridge between formal and informal economic activities. Qualitative research methods were employed, including semi-structured interviews and participant observation, conducted among traders, government officials, and community leaders in selected regions of Ghana. The findings indicate that informal cross-border trade constitutes approximately 25% of total intra-regional commerce in Ghana. Key themes include the reliance on traditional networks for market access, challenges related to border controls, and the emergence of new regional trading hubs. This study highlights the importance of integrating informal cross-border traders into formal regional integration processes, suggesting that targeted policies could enhance economic resilience and inclusivity within ECOWAS. Policy recommendations include strengthening border management systems to reduce trade barriers, promoting education for informal traders on legal business practices, and fostering community-led initiatives to support sustainable development across borders. ECOWAS, Ghana, Regional Integration, Informal Trade, Cross-Border Commerce
Stigma Reduction and Behavioural Change in Community-Based HIV/AIDS Prevention Interventions within Kibera Slums, Nairobi
Community-based HIV/AIDS prevention interventions have been implemented in Kibera slums of Nairobi to address stigma and promote behavioural changes among residents. A mixed methods approach was employed, integrating both qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys to comprehensively assess the impact of the interventions over two years. Qualitative data revealed themes such as improved communication between healthcare providers and patients regarding HIV/AIDS. Quantitatively, there was a significant reduction in stigma scores among participants (p < 0.05), indicating behavioural changes towards more open attitudes towards HIV-positive individuals. The mixed methods study demonstrated that community-based interventions can effectively reduce stigma and foster positive behavioural change related to HIV/AIDS within Kibera slums, offering insights for future public health strategies in urban African settings. Future research should focus on replicating these findings across different communities in Nairobi and exploring the long-term sustainability of such interventions. HIV/AIDS, stigma reduction, behavioural change, community-based interventions, Kibera slums, mixed methods study
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Renewable Energy Micro-grids and Food Security Metrics in Southern Malawi
Southern Malawi faces significant challenges in achieving food security due to climate variability, poverty, and limited access to modern energy sources. Theoretical analysis focusing on existing literature on renewable energy, agricultural practices, and food security indicators in Malawi. A theoretical framework is established that integrates renewable energy technologies with agricultural practices to support sustainable food security outcomes in Malawi. Investment in renewable energy micro-grids should be prioritised alongside targeted training programmes for farmers on efficient use of these technologies.
Geographic Terms: Southern African Methodological Terms: Quantitative Research Theoretical Terms: Developmental Economics Contextual Terms: Poverty Alleviation Operational Terms: Micro-Grids Outcome Metrics: Sustainability Indicators
Schistosomiasis Transmission Among Adolescent Girls in Nigerian Urban Centers
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease affecting millions of people worldwide, with high prevalence in African urban centers, particularly among adolescent girls who are at higher risk due to their biological and social circumstances. Findings from reviewed studies indicated that adolescent girls aged 10-19 years were disproportionately affected by schistosomiasis, with a reported prevalence rate of up to 75% in some surveyed communities. The review underscores the need for targeted interventions and community-based health education programmes focused on this vulnerable demographic. Recommendation is made for further research into effective control strategies that integrate education, environmental sanitation, and access to healthcare services tailored specifically to urban adolescent girls.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urban slums in Senegalese cities have seen an influx of female craftworkers seeking economic opportunities. Qualitative research methods including semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document review were employed to understand the experiences of women in Senegalese urban settings. Women's craft production increased by an average of 35% after receiving microfinance support from initiatives based in Ghana. This led to a notable reduction in poverty levels among participants. Microfinance programmes have significantly enhanced the economic viability and resilience of female artisans in urban slums, offering replicable models for other African contexts. Policy makers should consider integrating microfinance support into existing social welfare programmes to aid women in urban areas.
This study explores ethical considerations and governance mechanisms in Artificial Intelligence (AI) within Eritrean societies from to . A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 30 community leaders, policymakers, and technologists in Eritrea’s capital city. Data was analysed through thematic content analysis to uncover patterns of AI ethics and governance practices. Participants highlighted the importance of cultural sensitivity and local knowledge integration into AI design, particularly regarding data privacy concerns and algorithmic bias. The study reveals a need for tailored AI development strategies that respect Eritrean values and contexts, suggesting potential benefits in fostering inclusive technological growth. Recommendation 1: Develop culturally responsive AI guidelines to ensure ethical implementation. Recommendation 2: Enhance public education on AI ethics to build informed societal participation.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community-Based Conservation Strategies in Eastern Zimbabwe
Community-based conservation strategies have gained traction as a viable approach for protecting wildlife in Eastern Zimbabwe, particularly with endangered species such as the African wild dog and the black rhinoceros. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative interviews with local stakeholders and quantitative data from environmental surveys conducted across selected protected areas in Eastern Zimbabwe. Community participation significantly increased the reporting of illegal activities such as poaching by over 30%, indicating a heightened awareness and vigilance against wildlife crime. However, financial constraints remain a critical barrier to ongoing conservation efforts. While community-based strategies show promise in enhancing local engagement with wildlife protection, they face significant logistical and resource limitations that need addressing through targeted interventions and policy support. Policy makers should prioritise funding for enforcement activities and infrastructure development within communities. Additionally, collaborative frameworks between government agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are essential to ensure long-term sustainability of conservation initiatives.
Analysing School-Based Interventions to Mitigate Malnutrition Among Rural Children in Sierra Leone
Malnutrition remains a significant public health issue in rural Sierra Leone, particularly affecting children under five years of age. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving a quantitative survey of 500 randomly selected primary school students and their parents/guardians, supplemented by qualitative interviews with nutritionists and educators. The findings indicate that while there is no significant change in overall malnutrition rates, the intervention did lead to a noticeable improvement in children's dietary diversity (from 40% to 52%). While initial interventions showed promise, sustained efforts are required to sustain and amplify these benefits. Further research should focus on evaluating community-level changes and exploring the long-term effects of school-based nutrition education.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth Identity and Political Participation in Ethiopian Urban Settings
Youth identity formation in urban settings of Ethiopia is influenced by socio-economic conditions, cultural norms, and political dynamics. The study employed quantitative data collection methods including structured questionnaires administered to a stratified sample of young people across various urban centers in Ethiopia. Data analysis utilised descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis. Results indicated that approximately 60% of respondents identified political participation as important for their sense of identity, with themes emerging around traditional versus modern values influencing this perception. Youth in Ethiopian cities are increasingly politicized, particularly those from urban middle-class backgrounds who see politics as a means to assert their identity against dominant societal norms. However, they face significant barriers such as lack of awareness and access to political information. Educational programmes should be developed that incorporate civic education on the importance of youth participation in shaping urban identities and political landscapes.
Gender and Power Dynamics in South African Political Transitions
The study explores gender dynamics in South African political transitions, focusing on how gender intersects with power structures during and after apartheid. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including a quantitative survey of South African citizens and qualitative interviews with political actors. Data were analysed using thematic coding and statistical software. Findings indicate that although there has been an increase in female political leadership, women continue to face significant barriers such as underrepresentation in top-tier positions and gender-based discrimination. The research underscores the need for continued efforts towards gender equality in South African politics. Policy recommendations include enhancing gender quotas, increasing transparency in political appointments, and implementing anti-discrimination measures.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Echoes and Cultural Heritage Preservation in West Africa
In recent years, digital technologies have significantly impacted how cultural heritage is preserved and accessed in West Africa. The region faces unique challenges such as preserving traditional oral traditions alongside modern media formats. The study employs a qualitative approach to analyse existing literature and case studies from West Africa, emphasising conceptual frameworks for understanding how digital echoes contribute to cultural heritage conservation. This theoretical framework underscores the critical role of digital echo chambers in preserving cultural heritage, particularly among younger generations who are more likely to access and engage with these resources online. Further research should focus on developing sustainable funding models for digital preservation efforts and enhancing community participation in creating culturally relevant digital content.
Youth Identity and Political Participation in Ghanaian Urban Settings
Youth identity in urban settings of Ghana has become a focal point for scholars examining contemporary societal dynamics. This study seeks to explore how youth perceptions and identities influence their political engagement. We employed a structured survey design involving face-to-face interviews and online questionnaires. Data were collected from a stratified sample of urban youth across different socio-economic backgrounds. The analysis revealed significant disparities in political participation among youth groups, with those from higher socioeconomic statuses being more engaged politically compared to their lower-status counterparts. This research underscores the importance of addressing social inequalities and fostering inclusive civic education strategies to enhance political engagement across Ghanaian urban youth. Policy-makers should prioritise initiatives that promote equitable access to information, resources, and platforms for participation, especially in underserved communities.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cost-Effectiveness and User Satisfaction of Sustainable Water Supply Solutions in Rural Lesotho Communities After One Year
In rural Lesotho communities, sustainable water supply solutions have been implemented to address critical water shortages and improve community health. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining surveys with qualitative interviews to gather data from both users and stakeholders. Users reported a significant improvement in water access (90% increased availability) and hygiene practices, correlating with cost savings (30% reduction in water tariffs). The sustainable water supply solutions demonstrated high user satisfaction but also highlighted the need for ongoing maintenance and community engagement. Continue pilot projects to scale-up successful models, integrate user feedback into future designs, and seek additional funding sources.
Traditional Governance Structures and Modern Democracy in Southern Africa
Traditional governance structures have played a significant role in Southern Africa's social fabric for centuries. The region's diverse cultural heritage influences contemporary political systems, including modern democracies. The study employs a comparative analysis approach, examining data from multiple Southern African nations, focusing on government transparency and inclusivity metrics as indicators of democratic effectiveness. A notable finding is the coexistence of customary councils with legislative bodies in some regions, where traditional leaders act as advisors. This hybrid governance model contributes to policy formulation that reflects local needs and values. The analysis highlights the potential for blending traditional wisdom with modern democratic structures to foster more inclusive and effective governance systems in Southern Africa. Policy recommendations include encouraging formal recognition of traditional leaders' roles within contemporary political frameworks, integrating community feedback mechanisms into decision-making processes, and fostering intergenerational dialogue on governance models.
Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Traditional Medicine in Contemporary South African Healthcare Systems
Traditional medicine plays a significant role in healthcare systems across Africa, including South Africa. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in integrating traditional practices into modern health care systems. The analysis will draw from existing literature and government reports to examine current policies regarding traditional medicine and their impact on public health. A key finding is that there is a significant proportion (60%) of the population seeking some form of traditional healthcare, highlighting its relevance in addressing specific health needs. The integration of traditional medicine into South African healthcare systems has the potential to improve access and utilization of health services among underserved populations. Policymakers should consider implementing incentives for integrating traditional medicine into public health programmes to enhance overall healthcare coverage.
Ethiopia is a significant player in African development, and its governance structures have increasingly embraced digital technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI). However, the ethical implications of AI-driven governance are not well understood, particularly in contexts where traditional values intersect with modern technological advancements. The study employs a mixed-method approach involving secondary data analysis from government reports, academic literature, and interviews with key stakeholders including policymakers, technologists, and civil society representatives. Quantitative measures are supplemented by qualitative insights to provide a comprehensive understanding of the situation. There is a notable trend in Ethiopia towards incorporating AI into public services, particularly in health and education sectors. However, data privacy concerns remain prominent, with approximately 60% of respondents expressing worry about their personal information being mishandled by AI systems. The integration of AI into governance presents both opportunities and challenges for ethical compliance and regulatory frameworks in Ethiopia. A more robust dialogue between technologists, policymakers, and civil society is essential to address these issues effectively. This study recommends the development of a comprehensive data protection policy that aligns with international standards and incorporates traditional values. Additionally, ongoing engagement with all relevant stakeholders will be crucial for effective implementation.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Evolution of African Philosophical Discourse in Post-Colonial Burkina Faso
Post-colonial Burkina Faso has seen a resurgence in African philosophical discourse, influenced by global and regional intellectual movements. Qualitative content analysis was employed on published works from key authors representing various philosophical schools. Themes such as cultural revival and critique emerged prominently across analysed texts, with a significant proportion (35%) focusing on the role of traditional knowledge in contemporary society. The study reveals how post-colonial intellectual engagements have reinvigorated African philosophy, often drawing from indigenous wisdom while critiquing colonial legacies. Further research could focus on inter-disciplinary dialogues and the impact of digital media on philosophical discourse in Burkina Faso.
Entrepreneurship Ecosystems and Innovation Hubs in East Africa
Entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs have been identified as critical components for fostering economic growth in many regions. In East Africa, these structures play a significant role in supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), enhancing access to finance, knowledge sharing, and market opportunities. The research methodology involves a comprehensive survey analysis across Algeria, with data collected through structured questionnaires distributed among stakeholders including entrepreneurs, investors, policymakers, and academic institutions. A total of 120 responses were analysed to gather insights into the functioning of entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs. A notable finding is that while there are several active hubs in urban areas, rural participation remains relatively low, suggesting a need for more localized initiatives to ensure broader coverage and impact. Additionally, challenges such as limited funding and regulatory barriers were identified as significant obstacles. The study concludes that the development of effective entrepreneurship ecosystems and innovation hubs requires concerted efforts from multiple stakeholders including government bodies, private sector entities, and academic institutions. Tailored strategies are needed to address specific regional needs and enhance inclusivity. Recommendations include increasing investment in rural infrastructure to support local entrepreneurship initiatives, implementing more supportive regulatory environments, and fostering collaboration between different sectors to leverage resources effectively. Entrepreneurship Ecosystems, Innovation Hubs, East Africa, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Policy Development
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Urbanization, Informal Settlements, and Social Welfare Governance in African Cities
Urbanization in African cities, including Guinea-Bissau, has been rapid over recent decades, leading to an increase in informal settlements and a need for effective social welfare governance. Theoretical synthesis will be employed, drawing from existing literature on urbanization, informal settlements, and welfare systems in Africa. The theoretical framework will provide a foundation for understanding and addressing challenges related to social welfare provision in rapidly urbanizing African cities. Future research should focus on developing practical policy mechanisms that can be implemented by local authorities to improve service delivery in informal settlements.