Methodological Assessment of Quasi-Experimental Urban Primary Care Networks in Ethiopia: A Systematic Literature Review

Urban primary care networks in Ethiopia have been implemented to improve healthcare access and outcomes. However, their effectiveness has not been rigorously evaluated. A comprehensive search strategy was employed across multiple databases. Studies were screened based on predefined criteria, and data extraction and synthesis were conducted using PRISMA guidelines. The review identified a trend towards underreporting of baseline data variability in quasi-experimental designs, which could affect the robustness of outcome measurements. Despite limitations, this systematic literature review highlights the importance of methodological rigor in evaluating urban primary care networks' effectiveness. Future studies should prioritise transparent reporting of statistical models and variability to enhance reliability. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.