This study examines medication compliance among women living with HIV/AIDS in Lesotho's Capricorn District, focusing on long-term adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative surveys was employed to gather data from 150 women patients and their caregivers over two years. Data revealed a compliance rate of approximately 75%, with significant variations in adherence related to socio-economic status, education levels, and access to healthcare facilities. Themes identified included stigma, cost, and availability of medications. The study concludes that while medication non-adherence remains prevalent, targeted interventions addressing social determinants can improve ART compliance among women living with HIV/AIDS. Recommendations include community-based education programmes, financial support for patients, and enhanced collaboration between healthcare providers and government agencies to reduce barriers to treatment access.