African Corporate Governance Law (Law/Business crossover)
African Corporate Governance Law (Law/Business crossover) is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
Youth Entrepreneurship Support Networks in Lagos, Nigeria
Youth entrepreneurship in Lagos, Nigeria faces significant challenges related to access to resources and support networks. The study employed a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis of YESN activities and outcomes. A notable theme emerged regarding the impact of mentorship programmes, particularly on reducing startup failure rates by 40% compared to non-participants. YESNs significantly enhance job creation among young entrepreneurs in Lagos, with a particular emphasis on mentoring as an effective strategy. Policy makers should prioritise investment in mentorship and capacity-building programmes within YESNs to further boost their impact.
Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Educational Innovations Framework in Rural Ethiopian Schools
Educational reforms in rural Ethiopia have aimed to improve educational outcomes, particularly focusing on student performance metrics such as literacy and numeracy scores. The study employs a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with quantitative data analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of new teaching methodologies and learning materials. The theoretical framework highlights how targeted educational interventions can lead to significant improvements in student performance metrics, thereby supporting sustainable education reforms in rural settings. Based on the findings, recommendations include further investment in pedagogical training for teachers and continued development of tailored learning materials to enhance student engagement and outcomes.
Assessing Renewable Energy Grants in Off-Grid South African Communities
Renewable energy grants have been introduced to stimulate off-grid communities in South Africa's Northern Cape, aiming to enhance access to electricity and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. A survey research approach was employed to gather data from community leaders, local government officials, and renewable energy providers. The sample included 120 respondents across various off-grid communities in the Northern Cape region. The survey revealed that while over 75% of respondents reported an increase in solar panel installations due to grants, there were significant disparities in grant funding distribution among different community types and sizes. Despite initial successes, ongoing challenges such as uneven grant allocation and limited technical support persist, necessitating a more equitable policy framework and improved implementation strategies. Policy makers should prioritise transparent grant distribution mechanisms to ensure that all eligible communities receive the necessary funding. Additionally, enhanced technical training for community members is recommended to maximise energy efficiency and sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community-Driven Strategies in Drought Mitigation
This study examines community-driven drought mitigation strategies among smallholder farmers in south-western Ethiopia. Community surveys and participatory workshops were conducted to gather insights from local stakeholders. A significant proportion (78%) of farmers reported improved water management practices as a result of community-driven initiatives. The community-driven strategies have significantly enhanced the resilience of smallholder farmers against drought in the region. Policy recommendations include bolstering community engagement and providing financial support for infrastructure development.
Resource Law and Community Rights in DRC and Ghana
Natural resource governance in DRC (Democratic Republic of Congo) and Ghana has faced significant challenges related to protecting local community rights over resources such as land and minerals. A comparative legal analysis approach was employed, involving a review of existing legislative texts, judicial decisions, and scholarly literature from both countries. Case studies were also conducted where data allowed for detailed insights into resource law applications in practice. The findings indicate that while both DRC and Ghana have enacted laws to protect local communities' rights over natural resources, the implementation and enforcement of these laws vary significantly between the two jurisdictions. Both countries face challenges in balancing economic development with respect for community rights. However, there are notable differences in legal protections provided to communities under their respective resource governance frameworks. Recommendations include strengthening judicial mechanisms for enforcing community rights and promoting collaborative stakeholder engagement in natural resource management processes.
Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)
Community Empowerment for Rights and Environment (CERES)
Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth in Eritrea represent a significant demographic, comprising approximately one-third of the population. Their role extends beyond economic activities to include participation in governance and legal dialogues. This paper employs a qualitative approach by analysing existing literature, interviews with young activists, and case studies of youth-led initiatives within the country. The engagement of young people in legal dialogues offers a promising avenue for enhancing governance effectiveness and inclusivity in Eritrea's future. Support initiatives that foster youth participation in legal processes, particularly those focused on empowering underrepresented groups. Encourage collaboration between educational institutions and community-based organizations to promote these dialogue opportunities.
Community Health Clinics and Maternal Health in Nairobi’s Slums
This study examines the impact of Community Health Clinics (CHCs) on maternal health outcomes in Nairobi’s slums over a five-year period. Data from five years of longitudinal studies conducted at four CHCs were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. CHCs reported a significant reduction in maternal deaths by 25% compared to pre-CHC baseline rates, with a notable increase in antenatal care utilization among women. The findings suggest that CHCs play a crucial role in improving maternal health outcomes and can be effective when adequately supported and staffed. Investment in training for CHC staff and provision of essential supplies are recommended to enhance their effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Community Health Workers' Impact on Mental Health Among Women in Nairobi Slums via Gender-Based Violence Prevention Interventions
Community health workers (CHWs) play a crucial role in addressing gender-based violence (GBV) and mental health issues among women living in Nairobi slums. The study employed semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 25 women participants who had received GBV prevention services from CHWs. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis to identify key themes and patterns related to mental health impacts. CHW-led interventions showed significant positive effects on reducing GBV exposure among the study population, with a notable decrease in depressive symptoms reported by participants (45% reduction). The findings underscore the critical role of CHWs in promoting gender equity and mental health within Nairobi slum communities. Policy-makers should prioritise training and support for CHWs to enhance their effectiveness in GBV prevention and mental health care, particularly in underserved urban areas.
Moroccan Legal Research and Policy Implications in Sub-Saharan Africa
The study examines Moroccan legal research and its implications for sub-Saharan African governance policies. A qualitative study employing case studies and expert interviews to analyse the impact of Moroccan legal research on African governance policies. Moroccan legal research has significantly influenced the development of corporate governance laws across sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in countries like Nigeria and Kenya. The findings suggest that Morocco’s legal innovations have set a precedent for other African nations to adopt similar reforms. Sub-Saharan African policymakers should consider adopting elements from Moroccan law research as they develop their own governance frameworks.
Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Digital Literacy as Catalyst for Reducing Educational Inequality Among Nairobi Girls, 2006
Educational inequality among girls in Nairobi, Kenya, persists despite government initiatives aimed at improving access to education and reducing disparities. A qualitative study employing semi-structured interviews with educators, students, and parents in selected schools across Nairobi to understand the impact of digital literacy initiatives on educational outcomes and social inclusion. Findings indicate that integrating digital literacy programmes into school curricula has led to a significant improvement in girls' technological skills (45% reported increased proficiency), fostering greater participation in online learning platforms, and reducing gender disparities in access to education technology resources. Digital literacy programmes have the potential to bridge educational gaps among Nairobi girls by equipping them with essential digital competencies and promoting equal opportunities for learning. Schools should prioritise integrating digital literacy into their curricula and seek partnerships with tech companies to provide necessary resources and training for educators. Parents and communities must also be involved in supporting these initiatives.
Adoption and Outcomes of Mobile Health Surveillance Apps Among Urban Youth in Dakar
Mobile health surveillance apps have gained popularity among urban youth globally, including in Senegal where digital technology adoption is on the rise. The analysis draws upon existing literature and reports related to app usage trends and privacy laws in Senegal. The legal framework governing app usage and data protection needs to be strengthened to better address user concerns and ensure ethical use of health surveillance apps by youth. Senegalese authorities should consider implementing mandatory training sessions for users on mobile app security, particularly regarding data privacy. Additionally, there is a need for clearer regulations that protect the rights of individuals using these applications.
Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Transitional Justice and Peacebuilding in Post-Elimination Sierra Leone
Transitional justice mechanisms (TJM) have been pivotal in post-conflict societies for healing societal wounds and fostering sustainable peace. Sierra Leone’s experience following its civil war exemplifies this, with significant efforts towards TJM implementation. The research employs a qualitative approach, utilising semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders including government officials, civil society representatives, and victims' groups. Data was analysed through thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes related to TJM implementation and its outcomes in Sierra Leone’s post-conflict landscape. Interviews revealed that while TJMs have facilitated some healing processes, significant challenges persist such as inadequate funding for support services and limited public awareness of the mechanisms' importance. Despite progress, Sierra Leone's transitional justice efforts face substantial hurdles in fully achieving their intended goals. This study underscores the need for sustained advocacy and enhanced resource allocation to address these issues effectively. Recommendations include increased investment in support services, public education campaigns about TJMs, and closer collaboration between government entities and civil society organizations to ensure more equitable access to justice mechanisms.
Labour rights in Ghana's informal sector are poorly understood due to their fragmented legal framework and limited empirical research. This article employs a doctrinal analysis of existing laws, court decisions, and socio-economic studies to construct a comprehensive theoretical model. A robust legal and policy recommendation is to harmonize existing laws and introduce targeted legislative measures to protect these workers effectively. The government should prioritise the drafting of comprehensive labour legislation tailored for the informal sector, alongside enforcement mechanisms that address compliance issues.
Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Youth Employment Programmes in Dakar Slums
Youth unemployment in Dakar slums poses significant economic challenges for both individuals and urban development. In Senegal, various government-sponsored youth employment programmes have been implemented to address this issue. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from programme registries with qualitative insights through interviews and focus group discussions. A notable finding is that the majority (60%) of youth who completed programmes reported increased entrepreneurial ventures. However, only one-third achieved sustainable business growth within two years post-programme. Despite initial success in creating new enterprises, long-term sustainability remains a challenge for many participants. Future policy should focus on providing mentorship and financial support to ensure sustained business development among youth beneficiaries of employment programmes.
Intellectual Property Law and Technology Transfer Practices in Egyptian Universities
Egyptian universities play a significant role in research and development, often partnering with private sectors to commercialize their intellectual property (IP). However, there is limited empirical data on how these universities manage IP law and technology transfer practices within the African context. The study employs qualitative research methods including participant observation, semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders (university administrators, researchers, industry partners), and document analysis of university policies and agreements. Data was collected over a period of six months in . University IP departments reported that the main challenges to technology transfer were related to intellectual property disputes and inadequate funding for research projects. The proportion of universities with formalized IP management systems varied significantly, ranging from 40% to 75%. A notable theme was the lack of standardization in agreements between universities and industry partners. The study highlights the need for improved legal frameworks and standardised technology transfer processes to enhance collaboration between Egyptian universities and industries. There is a critical gap in formal IP management systems that needs to be addressed by both academic institutions and government bodies. University administrators should prioritise developing robust IP policies and engaging with industry partners to create more sustainable and equitable partnerships. Government support for research funding and legal guidance could also facilitate smoother technology transfer processes.
Copyright (c) 2003 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Informal Sector Regulation in Urban São Tomé and Príncepe
Informal sector regulation in urban São Tomé and Príncipe is a critical yet understudied area of law and policy. The country's small economy, characterized by its two islands' unique geography, poses distinct challenges for formalizing the informal economy. The analysis is conducted through a review of existing laws, regulations, and policies related to urban governance in São Tomé and Príncipe. Secondary data from official government reports and academic literature are used as the primary sources. A significant proportion (45%) of urban informal sector activities remain unregulated, particularly concerning labour rights and business registration processes. This lack of regulation contributes to persistent poverty and vulnerability among informal workers. The regulatory vacuum in urban São Tomé and Príncipe's informal sector hinders sustainable economic growth and social development. Addressing these gaps is essential for aligning with international best practices and improving the livelihoods of vulnerable populations. Policy recommendations include strengthening existing legal frameworks, introducing incentives for formalization, and enhancing enforcement mechanisms to ensure compliance and equitable treatment of informal sector workers.
Evaluating Nigeria's Public Sector Anti-Discrimination Legislation for LGBTI+ Rights Over Three Years
This study examines Nigeria's public sector anti-discrimination legislation for LGBTI+ rights over a three-year period. A longitudinal case study approach was used, focusing on data from publicly available reports and interviews with stakeholders in the public sector. During the period studied, there were instances of discriminatory practices against LGBTI+ individuals within public services, particularly in employment and housing sectors. The findings suggest that while there have been some positive developments, significant challenges persist in enforcing anti-discrimination laws effectively. Stakeholders should collaborate to strengthen enforcement mechanisms and increase awareness about the rights of LGBTI+ individuals within public sector settings.
Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Impact Evaluation of Community Health Worker Programmes on Maternal and Neonatal Mortality Rates in Rural Rwanda,
Maternal and neonatal mortality rates remain high in rural Rwanda despite efforts to improve access to healthcare. The study employed a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative data from surveys and administrative records with qualitative interviews to assess CHW activities and their outcomes in rural Rwandan communities. CHWs reported significant reductions in both maternal and neonatal mortality rates, with a 15% decrease in maternal deaths and a 20% reduction in neonatal deaths over the study period. Community health worker programmes have demonstrated substantial positive impacts on reducing maternal and neonatal mortality rates in rural Rwanda. Continued investment in CHW training, community engagement, and infrastructure development is recommended to sustain these improvements. Maternal Health, Neonatal Health, Community Health Workers, Rural Rwanda
Water Harvesting Systems and Rural Women in Burkina Faso
Water harvesting systems are crucial for sustainable agriculture in arid regions like Burkina Faso, where rainfall is unpredictable and water scarcity affects rural livelihoods. The research employed a mixed-method approach combining quantitative data from surveys with qualitative insights from interviews to evaluate the effectiveness of these systems. A significant proportion (45%) of surveyed rural women reported increased crop yields after adopting water harvesting systems, demonstrating their positive impact on agricultural productivity. The findings suggest that water harvesting systems have a substantial positive effect on both agricultural output and household income among Burkina Faso’s rural women farmers. Policy makers should prioritise the provision of training and support for rural women in implementing and maintaining these systems, alongside financial incentives to encourage adoption.
Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Informal Sector Dynamics and Legal Frameworks in Eritrean Urban Settings
Informal sector activities in urban Eritrea are significant contributors to the economy but often operate outside formal legal frameworks. A comparative study approach using qualitative research methods including interviews and document analysis to understand informal sector dynamics and legal frameworks in urban settings. The proportion of informal businesses operating without formal licences is estimated at 40% in Eritrea’s urban areas, highlighting the need for more comprehensive legal protections. Current legal frameworks in Eritrea inadequately support the growth and stability of informal sectors, necessitating policy reforms to improve regulatory clarity and enforcement. Strengthening existing laws with provisions that protect the rights of informal sector workers while also ensuring compliance with broader economic goals.