Human rights violations have been a persistent issue in Burundi, particularly in relation to resource extraction projects. The analysis employs an interdisciplinary approach combining legal frameworks, socio-economic data, and case studies to assess current policies and propose recommendations for improvement. A thematic review identified that approximately 30% of resource extraction projects have been associated with human rights violations, predominantly concerning labour rights and environmental degradation. The findings underscore the need for stronger enforcement mechanisms and stakeholder engagement to ensure compliance with international human rights standards in Burundi’s resource sector. A key recommendation is the establishment of a national oversight committee to monitor all resource extraction projects and enforce adherence to human rights laws, supplemented by transparent grievance redress mechanisms.