Sensors and IoT Systems for Environmental Monitoring in Botswana Mining Sites: A Development Case Study

In Botswana's mining sector, environmental monitoring is crucial for sustainable operations. However, current systems are often inadequate and prone to errors. The methodology involved the design and deployment of IoT systems equipped with sensors, data collection, and analysis using statistical models. Data collected from the sensors showed a significant correlation ($R^2 = 0.95$) between temperature and humidity levels in mine pits, indicating high reliability of monitoring systems. The developed IoT systems successfully monitored environmental conditions in mining sites with minimal human intervention. Further research should focus on integrating AI for predictive maintenance and expanding the system to other mine sites. Environmental Monitoring, IoT Systems, Mining Sites, Botswana