Rwanda has undergone significant land law reforms aimed at enhancing tenure security for its diverse population. The research employs mixed methods including interviews, surveys, and archival data analysis to assess changes in land tenure security since . Survey results show a positive shift towards increased formalization of land rights among smallholder farmers (78% reported improved documentation). The study concludes that while substantial progress has been made, challenges remain in fully securing tenure for all Rwandans, particularly women and youth. Further legal training programmes should be implemented to enhance understanding of formal land rights among marginalized groups.