Climate Change and Human Security in the Sahel Region of Nigeria: A Qualitative Exploration

The Sahel region of Nigeria is facing significant climate challenges that threaten human security, including food insecurity, water scarcity, and displacement. The research employs qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions among local communities, government officials, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). A key finding is that the majority of respondents reported a decline in crop yields by approximately 20% due to erratic rainfall patterns over the past decade. Climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities, leading to heightened risks to human security across all dimensions examined. Solutions must integrate climate-resilient livelihood strategies and community-based adaptation initiatives. Local authorities should prioritise investments in early warning systems and drought-resistant crop varieties. NGOs need to strengthen their support for smallholder farmers' insurance schemes.