African Materials Science Journal (Pure/Applied Science) | 02 February 2000
Methodological Assessment of Water Treatment Facilities in Kenya: A Randomized Field Trial on Cost-Effectiveness
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Abstract
Water treatment facilities in Kenya face challenges related to cost-effectiveness and sustainability. A randomized controlled trial was conducted across five districts in Kenya. Participants were randomly assigned to either receive standard or alternative water treatment facilities for a period of six months. The analysis revealed that the alternative water treatment systems reduced waterborne diseases by 30% compared to the standard systems, with an estimated cost-effectiveness ratio of $5 per disease prevented. The study provides evidence on the cost-benefit of different water treatment technologies in Kenya's context. Investment decisions should consider not only initial costs but also long-term health and financial outcomes. The maintenance outcome was modelled as $Y<em>{it}=\beta</em>0+\beta<em>1X</em>{it}+u<em>i+\varepsilon</em>{it}$, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.