Community health centers (CHCs) in Uganda play a crucial role in providing primary healthcare services to underserved populations. However, their effectiveness and reliability vary significantly across different settings. A comprehensive search strategy was employed using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Studies published between and were included based on predefined inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed a significant variation in the methodologies used to evaluate CHC systems, with some studies employing randomized field trials (RCTs) to measure system reliability. This review highlights the importance of standardising methodological approaches for future research on CHCs in Uganda to ensure consistent and reliable outcomes. Researchers should prioritise using RCTs when evaluating CHC systems, alongside other robust methodologies such as qualitative studies and cost-effectiveness analyses. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.