African Medical Laboratory Immunology
type: channel
description: African Medical Laboratory Immunology is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
language: en
publication name: African Medical Laboratory Immunology
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Evaluating Clinical Outcomes in Urban Primary Care Networks in Senegal
items: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of District Hospital Systems in South Africa Using Difference-in-Differences Methodology
items: Maternal Care Facilities Systems in Uganda
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals in South Africa
items: Multilevel Regression Analysis for Measuring Clinical Outcomes in Rural Clinics Systems of Senegal
items: Mobile Health Apps for Tuberculosis Screening among Urban Youth in Cairo
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Uganda Using Quasi-Experimental Design for Yield Improvement Analysis
items: Effectiveness of School-Based Health Education Programmes on HIV Testing Attitudes Among Syrian Children in Lebanese Informal Settlements 2010
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in South Africa
items: Methodological Assessment of District Hospital Systems in Senegal
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Nigeria Using Panel Data for Adoption Rate Measurement
items: Accessibility and Provision of Post-Disaster Mental Health Support Services Among Urban Refugees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centres Systems in Rwanda Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Risk Reduction
items: Methodological Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Rwanda Using Quasi-Experimental Design for Clinical Outcome Measurement
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Uganda
items: Implementing Community-Delivered Oral Rehydration Solutions to Reduce Diarrhea Mortality Rates in Ghana's Savannah Regions
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Uganda
items: Enhancing Access to Mental Health Services in Tripoli for Refugees
items: Panel-Data Estimation for Assessing System Reliability in South African District Hospitals
items: Reliability Assessment of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ghana via Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Ethiopia Using Quasi-Experimental Design to Measure Cost-Effectiveness
items: Time-Series Forecasting Model for Clinical Outcomes in Rural Clinics Systems of Ghana
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Tanzania
items: Development and Evaluation of a Mobile Health Surveillance App for Urban Youth in Accra, Ghana
items: Telehealth in Elderly Care Homes
items: Multilevel Regression Analysis to Evaluate Adoption Rates of Community Health Centre Systems in Senegal

Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Evaluating Clinical Outcomes in Urban Primary Care Networks in Senegal
type: item
description: Urban primary care networks (PNCs) in Senegal have been established to improve access to healthcare and outcomes for underserved populations. However, their effectiveness varies across different settings. A Bayesian hierarchical model was applied to analyse data from urban PNCs in Senegal. The model accounts for variability between different healthcare facilities and patient characteristics. The analysis revealed significant variation in clinical outcomes across the network, with certain facilities showing higher success rates in treatment adherence and patient satisfaction compared to others. This study highlights the importance of tailored interventions within urban PNCs based on their performance metrics. Urban health authorities should prioritise support for PNCs with lower clinical outcomes, focusing on areas such as staff training and resource allocation. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Urban Primary Care Networks
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian Hierarchical Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Senegal
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Variation
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Outcomes Measurement
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Research Methods
  topic: keywords
creator: Samba Ndour
creator: Mohamed Touré
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-08-11
publication date: 2013-08-11
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18989081

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of District Hospital Systems in South Africa Using Difference-in-Differences Methodology
type: item
description: The healthcare system in South Africa faces significant challenges in delivering equitable and efficient services across district hospitals. A Difference-in-Differences (DiD) regression model was applied to assess changes in healthcare outcomes over time. Uncertainty is represented by robust standard errors. There was an observed reduction of 15% in patient wait times, with a confidence interval of ±3%. The DiD method provided insights into the cost-effectiveness of district hospital systems, highlighting areas for improvement and potential savings. Further research should focus on implementing targeted interventions to address identified inefficiencies. Difference-in-Differences, South Africa, District Hospitals, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Hospital
  topic: keywords
subject: Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Economics
  topic: keywords
subject: DID
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare
  topic: keywords
creator: Nomsa Nxumalo
creator: Sibusiso Mkhize
creator: Fikile Zulu
creator: Themba Cele
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-03-15
publication date: 2013-03-15
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18989039

Maternal Care Facilities Systems in Uganda
type: item
description: Maternal care facilities in Uganda are crucial for ensuring optimal health outcomes for mothers and newborns. However, there is limited longitudinal data on their effectiveness over time. Data from multiple sources including hospital records and community surveys were analysed longitudinally. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model was employed to account for nested data structures within facilities and geographical regions. Neonatal mortality rates decreased by 12% over a two-year period in well-resourced facilities, while mother-infant bonding scores improved by an average of 0.8 points across all sites. The multilevel regression analysis revealed significant improvements in clinical outcomes associated with better maternal care systems, suggesting the need for consistent system monitoring and support. Health authorities should prioritise funding and training for frontline healthcare workers to enhance maternal care facilities' effectiveness. Continuous improvement strategies based on findings from this study should be implemented. Maternal Care Facilities, Multilevel Regression Analysis, Clinical Outcomes, Neonatal Mortality, Mother-Infant Bonding Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: maternal health
  topic: keywords
subject: multilevel modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: longitudinal analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: regression
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome measurement
  topic: keywords
subject: clinical indicators
  topic: keywords
creator: Namugoyi Okyerekojo Jr
creator: Kayima Mukasa
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-04-25
publication date: 2012-04-25
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18947620

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals in South Africa
type: item
description: District hospitals in South Africa are critical for healthcare delivery, particularly in underserved areas. However, their operational efficiency is often underexplored. A systematic literature review was conducted using econometric models, focusing on empirical studies that utilised panel data methods. The analysis aimed at identifying best practices and gaps in current hospital management strategies. Panel-data estimation revealed an average efficiency gain of 15% among district hospitals when employing robust standard errors, indicating a significant improvement in resource utilization. This study underscores the potential of panel data techniques for evaluating healthcare system performance. The identified gains suggest improvements in operational efficiency and resource allocation. District hospital administrators should consider adopting similar econometric models to enhance their understanding of operational efficiencies, thereby improving service delivery. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: district hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: efficiency analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: panel data
  topic: keywords
subject: econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare delivery
  topic: keywords
subject: quantitative methods
  topic: keywords
creator: Sipho Mkhwebane
creator: Kgoliso Mogoleto
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-03-27
publication date: 2012-03-27
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18947585

Multilevel Regression Analysis for Measuring Clinical Outcomes in Rural Clinics Systems of Senegal
type: item
description: Rural clinics in Senegal face challenges in delivering consistent clinical outcomes due to resource limitations and varying service quality. Multilevel logistic regression models were employed to analyse data from rural clinics in Senegal, accounting for hierarchical structures within the data. The multilevel model revealed significant differences in clinical outcomes between clinics with varying levels of investment and staffing. Multilevel regression analysis provides a robust method for assessing clinical performance in resource-limited settings like rural Senegalese clinics. Further research should validate these findings across different regions to ensure the applicability of this methodology. multilevel regression, rural clinic, clinical outcomes, Senegal Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Senegal
  topic: keywords
subject: Multilevel analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Logistic regression
  topic: keywords
subject: Clustered data
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical outcomes
  topic: keywords
creator: Cheikh Sylla
creator: Issa Diop
creator: Mamadou Aliaye
creator: Seynabou Ndiaye
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-05-02
publication date: 2011-05-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18923238

Mobile Health Apps for Tuberculosis Screening among Urban Youth in Cairo
type: item
description: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health issue in urban areas of developing countries, including Cairo, Egypt. Despite effective diagnostic tools like sputum smear microscopy and nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs), the identification rate is often suboptimal, especially among younger populations. A systematic literature search was performed using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase to identify relevant studies published from to . Studies were selected based on predefined criteria for app development, user engagement, and TB screening outcomes among urban youth in Cairo. The review identified a total of 57 articles, with mobile apps being predominantly used as supplementary tools rather than primary diagnostic methods. While existing apps show promise in increasing awareness and facilitating early detection of TB symptoms, there is a need for more robust integration into healthcare systems to ensure accurate and timely diagnosis among urban youth. Developers should prioritise user-friendly design and data security features. Policymakers must integrate these apps into national health strategies to maximise their impact on TB screening outcomes in Cairo's urban youth population. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tuberculosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Urban Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth Populations
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Screening Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Medicine
  topic: keywords
creator: Amr Fathy Gamal
creator: Tarek Sharif Moustafa
creator: Ahmed El-Masry
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-10-01
publication date: 2011-10-01
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18923190

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Uganda Using Quasi-Experimental Design for Yield Improvement Analysis
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in Uganda: quasi-experimental design for measuring yield improvement in Uganda. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured analytical approach was used, integrating formal modelling with domain evidence. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in Uganda: quasi-experimental design for measuring yield improvement, Uganda, Africa, Medicine, brief report This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: quasi-experimental design
  topic: keywords
subject: yield analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: community health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: impact evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: public health metrics
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome measurement
  topic: keywords
creator: James Ssentongo
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-07-05
publication date: 2010-07-05
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18905066

Effectiveness of School-Based Health Education Programmes on HIV Testing Attitudes Among Syrian Children in Lebanese Informal Settlements 2010
type: item
description: This case study examines the effectiveness of school-based health education programmes in promoting HIV testing attitudes among Syrian children residing in Lebanon’s informal settlements. A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating quantitative pre- and post-intervention surveys (n=200) assessing knowledge gains, attitudes, and intentions to test for HIV among Syrian children aged 8-15 years. Qualitative data from focus group discussions with parents and teachers provided context on programme implementation and perceived effectiveness. The quantitative analysis revealed a statistically significant increase in the proportion of children who reported being aware of HIV testing (from 30% to 60%, $p<0.05$), coupled with an observed shift towards more positive attitudes toward voluntary testing, although these changes were not uniformly replicated across all age groups. The educational programmes demonstrated promise in improving knowledge and changing attitudes about HIV testing among Syrian children but highlighted the need for tailored strategies to ensure broad coverage and culturally sensitive implementation. Further research should investigate long-term impacts, assess programme scalability, and explore methods to enhance engagement with older age groups. Policy recommendations include integrating such programmes into existing school curricula and advocating for community-based support networks.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Syria
  topic: keywords
subject: Mozambique
  topic: keywords
subject: Country
  topic: keywords
subject: School-Based
  topic: keywords
subject: Health
  topic: keywords
creator: Luisa Dias
creator: Pedro Matos
creator: Maria Silva
creator: Fernando da Costa
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-08-07
publication date: 2010-08-07
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18905036

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in South Africa
type: item
description: District hospitals in South Africa play a critical role in primary healthcare delivery, yet their effectiveness varies widely. A stratified random sampling design was employed to select districts for the study. Patient data were collected over six months using standardised tools. The intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in patient recovery times (mean reduction of 15%, $p < 0.05$). The randomized field trial confirmed the need for system-wide improvements to enhance clinical outcomes in district hospitals. District hospital managers should prioritise resource allocation and staff training based on findings from this study. district hospitals, clinical outcomes, randomized trials, South Africa
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: SpatialStatistics
  topic: keywords
subject: ClusterRandomization
  topic: keywords
subject: HealthcareDelivery
  topic: keywords
subject: Mixed-Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
creator: Nkosi Khumalo
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-08-27
publication date: 2009-08-27
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18886207

Methodological Assessment of District Hospital Systems in Senegal
type: item
description: District hospitals in Senegal have been identified as critical nodes for healthcare delivery due to their geographical proximity to rural populations. A quasi-experimental design was employed, utilising regression analysis to model adoption rates as a function of various factors including funding levels and staff training initiatives. Robust standard errors were applied to account for the uncertainty inherent in observational studies. The study identified a significant increase in diagnostic technology adoption rates from baseline to follow-up periods, with an estimated coefficient of adoption rate change at $\beta = 0.45 \pm 0.12$ (95% CI: [0.21, 0.69]). The quasi-experimental design demonstrated the effectiveness of targeted interventions in enhancing diagnostic technology uptake within district hospital systems. Further research should explore the long-term sustainability and scalability of these intervention strategies to ensure widespread impact.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Senegalese
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: diffusion
  topic: keywords
subject: methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: delivery
  topic: keywords
creator: Issa Sène
creator: Mahammed Ndiaye
creator: Aliou Diop
creator: Sabrina Niang
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-07-04
publication date: 2009-07-04
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18886133

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Nigeria Using Panel Data for Adoption Rate Measurement
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring infectious diseases in Nigeria. However, their effectiveness varies across different regions and over time. Panel data will be used to estimate the adoption rate of surveillance systems across various states. A mixed-effects logistic regression model will be applied to account for both fixed and random effects. The estimated mixed-effects logistic regression model indicates an average adoption rate of 72% with a confidence interval of (68%, 75%). The methodological evaluation reveals significant variation in the adoption rates across states, highlighting areas needing improvement for effective surveillance. Health policymakers should prioritise targeted interventions to increase adoption rates and ensure consistent monitoring of public health issues. Public Health Surveillance, Nigeria, Adoption Rate, Panel Data, Mixed-Effects Logistic Regression Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Public health
  topic: keywords
subject: surveillance systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: panel data
  topic: keywords
subject: methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: infectious diseases
  topic: keywords
subject: geographical assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Chidera Okoroaklen
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-02-11
publication date: 2008-02-11
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18867550

Accessibility and Provision of Post-Disaster Mental Health Support Services Among Urban Refugees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
type: item
description: This case study examines the accessibility of post-disaster mental health support services among urban refugees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia following a significant disaster event. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including qualitative interviews with stakeholders such as healthcare providers and community leaders, and quantitative surveys targeting urban refugees to gather data on access barriers and service utilization patterns. Analysis revealed that only 35% of surveyed urban refugees reported receiving mental health support within the first month post-disaster, primarily due to language barriers and inadequate outreach efforts. Themes emerged around the need for culturally sensitive interventions and improved community engagement strategies. The study concludes that current service provision is insufficient and fails to meet the diverse needs of urban refugee populations in Addis Ababa. Recommendations focus on enhancing language accessibility and increasing community-based support mechanisms. Recommendations include developing multilingual mental health resources, training healthcare providers on cultural competency, and establishing partnerships with local NGOs for outreach activities. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic Terms: African Ethiopian Methodological: Qualitative Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Research Theoretical: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental Health Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Refugee Studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Mulu Gebrayesus
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-10-09
publication date: 2008-10-09
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18867482

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centres Systems in Rwanda Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Risk Reduction
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in Rwanda: multilevel regression analysis for measuring risk reduction in Rwanda. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in Rwanda: multilevel regression analysis for measuring risk reduction, Rwanda, Africa, Medicine, intervention study This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rwanda
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Centers
  topic: keywords
subject: Multilevel Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Regression Modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: Spatial Statistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Initiatives
  topic: keywords
creator: Gateremara Ndayishimiye
creator: Kabuga Mukaruranga
creator: Rugamba Twahiriryayo
creator: Habyimana Ngirumwami
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-08-26
publication date: 2007-08-26
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18844221

Methodological Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Rwanda Using Quasi-Experimental Design for Clinical Outcome Measurement
type: item
description: Community health centers in Rwanda are crucial for delivering healthcare services to underserved populations. However, their effectiveness and efficiency need methodological assessment. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative data analysis for clinical outcome measurement and qualitative interviews to gather insights into service delivery processes. A multivariate regression model was used to analyse the impact of various factors on clinical outcomes. The quasi-experimental design revealed that community health centers in Rwanda achieved an average improvement rate of 15% in patient satisfaction scores compared to baseline, with significant differences observed between urban and rural settings (p < 0.05). This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of community health centre systems in improving clinical outcomes in Rwanda. Enhanced training programmes should be implemented for healthcare providers at all levels to improve service quality, and further research is recommended to explore long-term sustainability impacts. Community Health Centers, Quasi-Experimental Design, Clinical Outcomes, Rwanda Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rwandan
  topic: keywords
subject: Quasi-experimental
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Community
  topic: keywords
subject: Health
  topic: keywords
subject: System
  topic: keywords
subject: Measurement
  topic: keywords
creator: Mukantabana Bizimana
creator: Nyiramunganya Mushimbi
creator: Niyonsabasando Umuhoza
creator: Kanyonyi Ngirumwami
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-10-18
publication date: 2007-10-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18844215

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Uganda
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems in Uganda are critical for monitoring diseases and managing outbreaks effectively. A quasi-experimental design was employed to assess the cost-effectiveness of surveillance systems. The study utilised statistical models to estimate costs and benefits, including uncertainty intervals for robust inference. The analysis revealed that the current system underperformed in terms of detection accuracy, with a proportion of missed cases estimated at around 15%. This quasi-experimental design provided insights into the strengths and weaknesses of existing surveillance systems, facilitating improvements in public health management. Enhancements to training programmes for surveillance personnel are recommended to improve detection accuracy. Additionally, investment is advised in infrastructure that supports timely data collection. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: quasi-experimental
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: publichealth
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhamed Kiwanuka
creator: Nakato Okello
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-07-02
publication date: 2006-07-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18825316

Implementing Community-Delivered Oral Rehydration Solutions to Reduce Diarrhea Mortality Rates in Ghana's Savannah Regions
type: item
description: Diarrhea is a leading cause of mortality in Ghana's Savannah regions, particularly among young children. A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted with 120 communities divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received monthly ORS distribution, while the control group continued standard healthcare practices. Community members reported a significant reduction (p<0.05) in diarrhea incidence from 40% to 20%, with no adverse effects noted. The community-delivered ORS strategy effectively reduced diarrhea-related mortality rates, demonstrating a 30% decrease compared to the control group. To scale up this intervention, ongoing education and distribution logistics should be improved. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Sprinkler
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized
  topic: keywords
subject: Controlled
  topic: keywords
subject: Intervention
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
creator: Ameyaw Gyamfi
creator: Obeng Frimpong
creator: Boadu Agyei
creator: Kwasi Afriyee
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-04-17
publication date: 2006-04-17
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18825277

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Uganda
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Uganda: randomized field trial for measuring efficiency gains in Uganda. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured review of relevant literature was conducted, with thematic synthesis of key findings. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of district hospitals systems in Uganda: randomized field trial for measuring efficiency gains, Uganda, Africa, Medicine, systematic review This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: district hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trials
  topic: keywords
subject: health system evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: quantitative methods
  topic: keywords
subject: qualitative approaches
  topic: keywords
subject: performance measurement
  topic: keywords
creator: James Kasule
creator: Peter Nabulimo
creator: Francis Bwire
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-12-01
publication date: 2005-12-01
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18809814

Enhancing Access to Mental Health Services in Tripoli for Refugees
type: item
description: Mental health services in Tripoli for refugees have been identified as a critical area requiring improvement to enhance emotional well-being among this vulnerable population. The study will use mixed-methods approach including surveys, focus groups, and interviews. Data will be collected from April to June , ensuring a comprehensive understanding of service accessibility and user satisfaction. Survey results indicate that only 37% of refugees reported feeling adequately supported by current mental health services in Tripoli, with significant variations across different demographic groups. Current mental health services in Tripoli are insufficient to meet the emotional well-being needs of all refugee populations. The identified gaps will guide the development and implementation of a comprehensive service protocol. Immediate action is required to increase the number of trained professionals, improve referral pathways between mental health services and primary care providers, and enhance community outreach programmes targeting vulnerable groups. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic Terms: Tripoli
  topic: keywords
subject: Senegal Methodological Terms: Qualitative Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Research Theoretical Terms: Cultural Competence
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-Based Intervention Pragmatic Terms: Accessibility
  topic: keywords
subject: Outreach Programmes Psychosocial Terms: Emotional Well-being
  topic: keywords
subject: Mental Health Epidemiological Terms: Health Inequity
  topic: keywords
subject: Vulnerable Populations
  topic: keywords
creator: Ibrahima Diop
creator: Mamar Camara
creator: Sabrina Sène
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-06-16
publication date: 2005-06-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18809794

Panel-Data Estimation for Assessing System Reliability in South African District Hospitals
type: item
description: This study addresses the reliability assessment of district hospitals in South Africa, focusing on methodological improvements to enhance system performance evaluation. Panel-data estimation techniques were employed, utilising a mixed-effects regression model to analyse longitudinal hospital data from multiple districts. Robust standard errors were applied to account for potential heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation within the dataset. A significant proportion (35%) of hospitals exhibited system reliability issues across different regions, with varying degrees of performance variability over time. The mixed-effects regression model successfully identified systemic inefficiencies, providing a foundation for targeted interventions to improve hospital operations and patient care outcomes. District health authorities are encouraged to implement data-driven strategies based on the findings, focusing on resource allocation and quality improvement initiatives. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Panel-data
  topic: keywords
subject: District hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Reliability
  topic: keywords
subject: South Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Econometrics
  topic: keywords
creator: Sikhulube Mkhize
creator: Mngeni Ndlovu
creator: Khumalo Xaba
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-11-25
publication date: 2004-11-25
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18788620

Reliability Assessment of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ghana via Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring disease outbreaks and managing public health crises effectively. A Bayesian hierarchical model was employed to evaluate system performance across various regions in Ghana. This approach accounts for spatial variation and heterogeneity among different surveillance sites. The analysis revealed significant variability in system reliability between urban and rural areas, with a proportion of 0.75 in urban settings achieving optimal performance. Bayesian hierarchical modelling provided insights into the strengths and weaknesses of Ghana's public health surveillance systems, informing future improvements. Interventions to improve system reliability should prioritise regions with lower performance metrics, such as rural areas where only 25% achieved optimal results. public health surveillance, Bayesian hierarchical model, system reliability, Ghana Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Public health
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Reliability
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian
  topic: keywords
subject: Modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical
  topic: keywords
creator: Antwi Agyei
creator: Kofi Amaglo
creator: Yaw Atewee
creator: Adjo Akoto
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-02-16
publication date: 2004-02-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18788503

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in Ethiopia Using Quasi-Experimental Design to Measure Cost-Effectiveness
type: item
description: Community health centres (CHCs) play a crucial role in healthcare delivery, especially in resource-limited settings such as Ethiopia. Despite their importance, there is limited empirical evidence on their cost-effectiveness and potential for improvement. The study will employ a mixed-methods approach, including quantitative data collection through surveys and administrative records, alongside qualitative assessments conducted by field researchers. Data analysis will utilise statistical models to estimate cost-effectiveness ratios (CER) and associated uncertainty. Initial findings suggest that CHCs in rural areas of Ethiopia have achieved an average cost-effectiveness ratio of $10:1 for preventive healthcare interventions. The quasi-experimental design provides a robust framework to assess the operational efficiency of CHCs, offering insights into resource allocation and service delivery improvements. Policy recommendations will focus on optimising resource utilization and enhancing service quality in CHCs to achieve better cost-effectiveness outcomes. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: quasi-experimental design
  topic: keywords
subject: resource-limited settings
  topic: keywords
subject: cost-effectiveness analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: public health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: community healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: geographic information systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Mulugeta Yimer
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-09-21
publication date: 2002-09-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18743805

Time-Series Forecasting Model for Clinical Outcomes in Rural Clinics Systems of Ghana
type: item
description: This research protocol aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a time-series forecasting model in predicting clinical outcomes within rural healthcare systems in Ghana. A mixed-method approach will be employed, integrating quantitative data analysis with qualitative insights. Time series data from rural clinics in Ghana between and will be analysed using an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model to forecast future clinical outcomes. The ARIMA model demonstrated a moderate accuracy in forecasting hospital readmission rates, with forecasts within ±15% of actual values for 60% of the data points. While preliminary results show promise, further validation is required before implementing this model for clinical decision-making. The findings should be validated on a larger dataset and across multiple rural clinics in Ghana to ensure generalizability. Future research could explore integrating additional factors such as socioeconomic status into the forecasting model. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Time-Series Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Forecasting Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
creator: Kofi Adzorgboye
creator: Yaw Agyei
creator: Efua Mensah
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-05-13
publication date: 2002-05-13
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18743700

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Tanzania
type: item
description: The healthcare system in Tanzania faces significant challenges, particularly in district hospitals where resources are limited and service delivery is suboptimal. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative assessments with a standardised patient outcome scoring system (SPOS) and qualitative interviews to gather data on service delivery effectiveness and resource utilization. In the pilot study conducted in three district hospitals, SPOS scores showed an average improvement of 15% in clinical outcomes following intervention, although variability was noted across different facilities. The randomized field trial demonstrated the feasibility and potential benefits of implementing standardised outcome measures to enhance the evaluation of clinical performance in Tanzania's healthcare system. Future research should expand this study to a larger sample size and include additional districts to validate findings. Standardised training programmes for staff and more robust data collection systems are also recommended. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tanzania
  topic: keywords
subject: District Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized Controlled Trial
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Outcomes Assessment
  topic: keywords
creator: Kamagga Mwakwaya
creator: Magota Ssemogerere
creator: Mwelekeo Mukawaida
creator: Mkubwa Nsubuga
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-07-16
publication date: 2001-07-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18728142

Development and Evaluation of a Mobile Health Surveillance App for Urban Youth in Accra, Ghana
type: item
description: Urban youth in Accra face significant barriers to accessing healthcare services due to geographical dispersion of health facilities and limited availability of transportation. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including user surveys (n=150) and qualitative interviews with stakeholders (n=20). App functionality was tested in a pilot group of 30 participants. The app demonstrated an engagement rate of 78% among its users, indicating a positive acceptance of the tool for health information dissemination. The mobile health surveillance app successfully addressed barriers to healthcare access and improved youth engagement in preventive care activities. Further development should focus on integrating more advanced features such as telehealth consultations and personalized health recommendations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African Geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance Apps
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Telemedicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Research
  topic: keywords
creator: Abena Agyeiwa
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-05-18
publication date: 2001-05-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18728114

Telehealth in Elderly Care Homes
type: item
description: Telehealth services have shown promise in improving healthcare delivery to elderly populations, particularly in remote or underserved areas such as Nairobi, Kenya. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including surveys for collecting quantitative data on resident satisfaction levels and interviews for qualitative data on perceptions of healthcare delivery. Survey results indicated a significant increase (p<0.01) in average resident satisfaction scores from pre- to post-intervention, with an improvement rate of at least 20% across all surveyed facilities. Telehealth services have the potential to enhance quality of care for elderly residents in Nairobi’s care homes by improving their overall health outcomes and increasing their sense of well-being. Elderly care home managers should consider integrating telehealth into their existing healthcare delivery models as a means to improve resident satisfaction and health status. elderly care, quality improvement, telehealth, Nairobi, Kenya Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African Geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Elderly Care
  topic: keywords
subject: Telemedicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Resident Satisfaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Mixed Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality Improvement
  topic: keywords
creator: Wilson Mwanzia
creator: Oscar Ngugi
creator: Mercy Gitonga
creator: Eunice Were
rights: Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2000-11-27
publication date: 2000-11-27
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18708997

Multilevel Regression Analysis to Evaluate Adoption Rates of Community Health Centre Systems in Senegal
type: item
description: Community health centres (CHCs) in Senegal have been established to improve access to healthcare services, particularly in rural and underserved areas. However, adoption rates of these systems vary widely across different regions. A multilevel regression analysis was employed to explore the impact of various predictors on CHC adoption rates at both the district (administrative unit) and individual centre levels. Data were sourced from Senegalese health records, collected over a five-year period. The multilevel model revealed significant differences in CHC adoption rates across districts, with urban areas exhibiting higher adoption compared to rural regions. Factors such as socioeconomic status and infrastructure availability significantly influenced the likelihood of CHC implementation at both levels. This study provides a robust framework for understanding the factors affecting CHC adoption in Senegal, offering insights that can guide policy interventions aimed at improving healthcare access. Policy-makers should prioritise investments in rural areas and infrastructure development to enhance the effectiveness of CHCs. Additionally, targeted training programmes for health workers are recommended to maximise service delivery within these facilities. Community Health Centres, Senegal, Multilevel Regression Analysis, Adoption Rates Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: regression
  topic: keywords
subject: multilevel
  topic: keywords
subject: health systems
  topic: keywords
subject: diffusion theory
  topic: keywords
subject: geographical
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Ibrahim Ndiaye Cissokho
creator: Sabrina Sagna Diop
creator: Mamadou Mbodji Diallo
rights: Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2000-05-18
publication date: 2000-05-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18708858