African Medical Laboratory Microbiology
type: channel
description: African Medical Laboratory Microbiology is a peer‑reviewed scholarly journal published under the Pan‑African Research Journals (PARJ) platform, advancing African‑centred and global research.
language: en
publication name: African Medical Laboratory Microbiology
items: Time-Series Forecasting Model for Evaluating Emergency Care Units in Ghana
items: Indoor Water Filtration Technologies in Nigerian Rural Communities
items: Biodegradable Medical Packaging in Kenyan Hospitals
items: Methodological Assessment of Quasi-Experimental Designs in Community Health Centre Systems across Ethiopia
items: Health Insurance Coverage and Utilization Patterns Among Senegalese Youth Post-National Scheme Introduction
items: Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Traditional and Western Medicine in Treating Schistosomiasis Amongst Youth in Burundi’s Prefectures,
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Evaluating Cost-Effectiveness in Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ethiopia
items: Methodological Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Ethiopia Using Panel Data for Efficiency Analysis,
items: Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Uganda Using Difference-in-Differences Model to Assess System Reliability
items: Dietary HABIT Change Metrics in Community-Based Nutrition Programmes for Pregnant Women and Maternal Mortality Reduction Over Three Years in Northern Ghana 2009
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centres Systems in Ethiopia Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Risk Reduction Measurement
items: Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in South Africa Using Difference-in-Differences for Efficiency Measurement
items: Reduction of Knowledge Gaps and Health Goal Attainment in Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Patients Through Self-Management Education in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Nigeria
items: Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes on Hospital-Acquired Infections in Rwandan Hospitals
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Nigeria,
items: Methodological Evaluation of Rural Clinics Systems in Kenya
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Senegal
items: Digital Literacy Training Programme Adoption Rates and Health Outcomes Among Urban Youth in Nairobi, Kenya
items: Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Evaluating Risk Reduction in Public Health Surveillance Systems in Senegal
items: Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Uganda Using Time-Series Forecasting for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
items: Adoption Rates of Digital Health Records Among Northern Ghanaian Primary Care Providers Over Two Years
items: Epidemiological Insights into Vector-Borne Diseases within Kigali's High-Rise Residences, Rwanda
items: Methodological Evaluation of Urban Primary Care Networks in Senegal Using Panel Data for Clinical Outcome Assessment
items: Forecasting Clinical Outcomes in Urban Primary Care Networks Using Time-Series Models
items: Mobile Health Clinics Accessibility and Utilization Among Youth in Nairobi City Centre

Time-Series Forecasting Model for Evaluating Emergency Care Units in Ghana
type: item
description: Emergency care units (ECUs) in Ghana face challenges related to patient throughput and clinical outcomes. A time-series forecasting model was developed using historical data from ECUs. The model incorporates autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methodology, accounting for potential autocorrelation in the residuals to ensure robustness. The ARIMA model showed a significant improvement in predicting hospital stay lengths with an R² value of 0.85 and standard errors that were within ±10% confidence intervals. The time-series forecasting model demonstrated reliability in estimating clinical outcomes, particularly for hospital stays, providing valuable insights for improving ECUs in Ghana. ECU managers should use the forecasted data to optimise resource allocation and improve patient care processes. Emergency Care Units, Time-Series Forecasting, ARIMA Model, Clinical Outcomes, Ghana Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Time-series
  topic: keywords
subject: Forecasting
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Kwamie Agyeman
creator: Dankwa Fosu
creator: Yakubu Asare
creator: Amoako Kwesi
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-05-21
publication date: 2013-05-21
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18989112

Indoor Water Filtration Technologies in Nigerian Rural Communities
type: item
description: Indoor water filtration technologies have been implemented in various rural communities across Nigeria to improve water quality and public health outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted in four rural communities. Indoor water samples were collected at households equipped with filtration devices and compared to those from non-filtration households. Water quality parameters were measured using standard analytical methods, and data on reported health outcomes were collected through structured interviews. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in turbidity levels between filtered and unfiltered water samples were observed, with a mean difference of 28.5 NTU (±13.6). The implemented indoor water filtration technologies significantly improved water quality parameters, particularly turbidity. Further studies should focus on the long-term sustainability and efficacy of these technologies in various rural settings across Nigeria. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African Geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Rural Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Filtration Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Water Quality Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Hygiene
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-Based Intervention
  topic: keywords
creator: Obiora Ezikechukwu
creator: Osita Anyaobi
creator: Nwokolo Chinedu
creator: Enwedogbon Enoch
rights: Copyright (c) 2013 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2013-12-23
publication date: 2013-12-23
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18989044

Biodegradable Medical Packaging in Kenyan Hospitals
type: item
description: Biodegradable medical packaging has been proposed as a solution to reduce healthcare waste in hospitals, particularly in resource-limited settings such as Kenya. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including baseline surveys to establish current waste management practices, followed by a case study at three randomly selected hospitals. Data were collected on waste volume before and after the introduction of biodegradable packaging. Significantly reduced (p < 0.05) healthcare waste volumes were observed in two out of three hospitals where biodegradable packages were used, with an average reduction rate of 28% over one year. Biodegradable medical packaging showed promise in reducing hospital waste but required further optimization to achieve consistent and significant reductions across all settings. Further research should focus on optimising the design of biodegradable packages for different healthcare environments, particularly those with high volumes of non-biodegradable waste. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Biodegradable Materials
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare Waste Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Kenyan Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainable Practices
  topic: keywords
subject: Case Study
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Qualitative Research
  topic: keywords
creator: Omondi Muriuki
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-06-13
publication date: 2012-06-13
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18947659

Methodological Assessment of Quasi-Experimental Designs in Community Health Centre Systems across Ethiopia
type: item
description: Quasi-experimental designs are widely used in evaluating community health centre systems in Ethiopia to assess the adoption rates of new healthcare initiatives. The analysis will include systematic literature review to identify relevant quasi-experimental studies published in English between and . Studies will be assessed using predefined criteria based on validity and reliability of the design, with a focus on sample size, intervention type, and outcome measures. A significant proportion (60%) of reviewed quasi-experimental designs employed cluster-randomized trials, which showed moderate adoption rates in health centres varying from 35% to 78%. The analysis highlights the need for standardization in reporting methods and outcomes across studies to enhance comparability and validity. Future research should prioritise transparent reporting of study designs and results, with emphasis on sample size calculations and robust statistical analyses. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: quasi-experimental design
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trials
  topic: keywords
subject: methodological assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare adoption
  topic: keywords
subject: community health centers
  topic: keywords
subject: evaluation studies
  topic: keywords
creator: Dawit Woldeboye
creator: Yared Bezabih
creator: Mamo Gebrehiwot
rights: Copyright (c) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2012-02-10
publication date: 2012-02-10
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18947604

Health Insurance Coverage and Utilization Patterns Among Senegalese Youth Post-National Scheme Introduction
type: item
description: This study examines health insurance coverage and utilization patterns among Senegalese youth following the introduction of a national health insurance scheme in Sierra Leone. A mixed-methods approach incorporating quantitative survey data and qualitative interviews was employed. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the association between socio-economic factors and coverage uptake. The analysis revealed a significant increase in health insurance coverage from 30% pre-scheme to 52% post-introduction, with urban residents showing higher uptake compared to rural areas (p < 0.05). The national health insurance scheme has effectively increased health insurance coverage among Senegalese youth in Sierra Leone, though disparities remain between urban and rural populations. Further targeted interventions are recommended to address the lower uptake rates in rural areas. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Senegal
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Mobility
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Economics
  topic: keywords
subject: Qualitative Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Demographic Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Socioeconomic Factors
  topic: keywords
creator: Abubakar Jalloh
creator: Foday Musa
creator: Fatima Kamara
creator: Seydou Bah
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-02-20
publication date: 2011-02-20
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18923271

Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Traditional and Western Medicine in Treating Schistosomiasis Amongst Youth in Burundi’s Prefectures,
type: item
description: Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions of people in Sub-Saharan Africa, including youth living in rural areas such as those in Burundi’s prefectures. A mixed-method approach involving surveys, interviews, and laboratory tests was employed to assess treatment outcomes and patient preferences for both traditional and modern medical interventions. The study revealed a significant preference for traditional medicine among the youth surveyed (75% vs. 25%), despite its lower efficacy in curing schistosomiasis compared to Western medicine, which achieved an overall cure rate of 80% with no adverse reactions reported. Traditional and modern medical approaches should be considered complementary rather than mutually exclusive for the treatment of schistosomiasis among youth in Burundi’s prefectures. Healthcare providers should integrate traditional medicine into their practices, while continuing to promote evidence-based Western medicine as a superior option for schistosomiasis treatment. schistosomiasis, youth, Burundi, traditional medicine, modern medical interventions Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Africans
  topic: keywords
subject: Schistosomiasis
  topic: keywords
subject: Treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: Comparative
  topic: keywords
subject: ClinicalTrials
  topic: keywords
creator: Kizito Nsabimana
creator: Nyauke Rurambi
creator: Muhire Uwimbabazi
rights: Copyright (c) 2011 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2011-02-25
publication date: 2011-02-25
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18923205

Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Evaluating Cost-Effectiveness in Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ethiopia
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems in Ethiopia require robust methodologies to evaluate their cost-effectiveness. A Bayesian hierarchical model will be employed to estimate the cost-effectiveness ratio (LER) of different surveillance strategies. This approach accounts for heterogeneity across regions and diseases within a multi-level framework. The Bayesian analysis revealed significant variability in LERs among regions, with some areas showing substantial cost savings from early disease detection. This study establishes the utility of Bayesian hierarchical models in evaluating public health surveillance systems' efficiency, providing actionable insights for policymakers and resource allocation. Policymakers should prioritise investment in surveillance infrastructure where LERs indicate high potential for cost-saving outcomes. Bayesian Hierarchical Model, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Public Health Surveillance, Ethiopia Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian Hierarchical Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Markov Chain Monte Carlo
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Spatial Statistics
  topic: keywords
creator: Mekuria Asfaw
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-09-02
publication date: 2010-09-02
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18905088

Methodological Assessment of Community Health Centre Systems in Ethiopia Using Panel Data for Efficiency Analysis,
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in Ethiopia: panel-data estimation for measuring efficiency gains in Ethiopia. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A structured analytical approach was used, integrating formal modelling with domain evidence. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of community health centres systems in Ethiopia: panel-data estimation for measuring efficiency gains, Ethiopia, Africa, Medicine, brief report This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Health Centres
  topic: keywords
subject: Panel Data
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficiency Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Spatial Econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Systems Strengthening
  topic: keywords
subject: Regression Discontinuity Design
  topic: keywords
creator: Hailu Girma
creator: Mekdes Beyene
creator: Yared Desta
rights: Copyright (c) 2010 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2010-07-14
publication date: 2010-07-14
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18905075

Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Uganda Using Difference-in-Differences Model to Assess System Reliability
type: item
description: This study addresses a current research gap in Medicine concerning Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in Uganda: difference-in-differences model for measuring system reliability in Uganda. The objective is to formulate a rigorous model, state verifiable assumptions, and derive results with direct analytical or practical implications. A mixed-methods design was used, combining survey and interview data collected over the study period. The results establish bounded error under perturbation, a convergent estimation process under stated assumptions, and a stable link between the proposed metric and observed outcomes. The findings provide a reproducible analytical basis for subsequent theoretical and applied extensions. Stakeholders should prioritise inclusive, locally grounded strategies and improve data transparency. Methodological evaluation of public health surveillance systems systems in Uganda: difference-in-differences model for measuring system reliability, Uganda, Africa, Medicine, original research This work contributes a formal specification, transparent assumptions, and mathematically interpretable claims. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Uganda
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Difference-in-Differences
  topic: keywords
subject: System Reliability
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Medicine
  topic: keywords
creator: Kabirikwa Nakitagi
creator: Wanyonyi Onyango
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-12-23
publication date: 2009-12-23
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18886239

Dietary HABIT Change Metrics in Community-Based Nutrition Programmes for Pregnant Women and Maternal Mortality Reduction Over Three Years in Northern Ghana 2009
type: item
description: This study examines the impact of community-based nutrition programmes on maternal mortality in pregnant women living in Northern Ghana. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including baseline surveys, regular follow-ups, and qualitative interviews with participants. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Dietary habit changes showed a significant increase in the consumption of iron-rich foods among pregnant women, contributing to a reduction in maternal mortality by an estimated 20% over three years. The study supports the efficacy of community-based nutrition programmes in promoting healthy dietary habits and improving maternal health outcomes. Further research should focus on scaling up successful interventions and incorporating continuous monitoring to sustain improvements. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Ghanaian
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-Based
  topic: keywords
subject: Nutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: Interventions
  topic: keywords
subject: MaternalMortality
  topic: keywords
subject: Metrics
  topic: keywords
creator: Edwin Mensah
creator: Kofi Annan
creator: Yaw Osei
rights: Copyright (c) 2009 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2009-04-27
publication date: 2009-04-27
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18886190

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centres Systems in Ethiopia Using Multilevel Regression Analysis for Risk Reduction Measurement
type: item
description: Community health centres (CHCs) in Ethiopia provide essential healthcare services to underserved populations. However, their effectiveness and sustainability are often questioned due to varying system performance across different regions. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative data from CHC records and qualitative insights through interviews with healthcare workers. Multilevel regression models were used to analyse the impact of various system components on service delivery outcomes. Multilevel regression analysis revealed significant effects of financial support (β = -0.56, p < 0.01) and staff training programmes (β = 0.42, 95% CI: [0.23, 0.61]) on improved service quality. The findings suggest that systematic improvements in financial resources and professional development for healthcare personnel can substantially enhance the efficiency of CHCs in Ethiopia. Investment in sustainable funding mechanisms and targeted training programmes should be prioritised to support ongoing operational effectiveness of CHCs. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: multilevel modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: community health centres
  topic: keywords
subject: regression analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: risk assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethiopia
  topic: keywords
subject: geographical variation
  topic: keywords
creator: Berhanu Negusse
creator: Tekle Gebrehiwot
creator: Mulugeta Desta
creator: Fikru Asrat
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-10-22
publication date: 2008-10-22
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18867553

Methodological Evaluation of Community Health Centre Systems in South Africa Using Difference-in-Differences for Efficiency Measurement
type: item
description: Community health centers (CHCs) in South Africa play a crucial role in primary healthcare delivery, yet their efficiency varies significantly. The study employed the DiD model to analyse pre- and post-intervention data from a sample of CHCs, accounting for potential confounders through fixed effects. We observed an average efficiency gain of 12% in CHC services post-intervention compared to control areas. The DiD model effectively captured the impact of policy changes on CHC performance, offering a robust tool for future evaluations. Policy makers should prioritise resource allocation and training programmes based on our findings. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Spatial
  topic: keywords
subject: Econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: DID
  topic: keywords
subject: Healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Mpho Tshabalala
creator: Sipho Mhlakwane
creator: Nontaba Sibuyana
rights: Copyright (c) 2008 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2008-04-10
publication date: 2008-04-10
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18867495

Reduction of Knowledge Gaps and Health Goal Attainment in Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Patients Through Self-Management Education in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
type: item
description: Diabetes prevalence in Tanzania is increasing, necessitating effective self-management education for newly diagnosed patients. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with participants randomly assigned to either the intervention group (receiving self-management education) or control group (standard care). The primary outcome measure is knowledge of diabetes management, assessed using validated questionnaires. Secondary outcomes include adherence to treatment and patient-reported health goal attainment. A preliminary analysis suggests a significant reduction in knowledge gaps by 25% among participants who received self-management education compared to the control group, indicating improved understanding of diabetes management strategies. The study aims to contribute to evidence-based practice for improving diabetes self-management outcomes in resource-limited settings. Implementing the findings from this protocol could lead to enhanced patient health and reduced healthcare costs by promoting better adherence to treatment regimens. Diabetes, self-management education, knowledge gaps, health goal attainment, Tanzania Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tanzania
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Disparities
  topic: keywords
subject: Diabetes Self-Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized Controlled Trial
  topic: keywords
subject: Knowledge Gaps Reduction
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcome Evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: Mbilinyi Sogoba
creator: Kamiti Mwita
creator: Simiyu Kibali
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-10-14
publication date: 2007-10-14
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18844289

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Nigeria
type: item
description: District hospitals in Nigeria face challenges in maintaining consistent operational standards due to varying levels of support from government agencies and resource availability. A randomized field trial was conducted in 10 randomly selected district hospitals across Nigeria. Hospitals were divided into two groups: intervention and control. The primary outcome measured was the adoption rate of recommended medical practices over a six-month period using a binary logistic regression model to estimate odds ratios with robust standard errors. The intervention group showed an increased adoption rate of 30% compared to the control group, suggesting that structured support and training can significantly enhance adherence to best clinical practices. This study provides empirical evidence on the effectiveness of randomized field trials in assessing adoption rates within district hospital systems. The findings underscore the importance of supportive measures in facilitating improved healthcare delivery. District health authorities should consider implementing structured support programmes and continuous training for staff to improve adherence to recommended medical practices. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: District Hospitals
  topic: keywords
subject: Intervention Study
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomization
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Sustainability
  topic: keywords
creator: Emeka Chidera
creator: Chinedu Chukwuma
creator: Chimere Omotayo
creator: Obi Ejike
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2007-06-16
publication date: 2007-06-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18844259

Impact of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programmes on Hospital-Acquired Infections in Rwandan Hospitals
type: item
description: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a significant public health concern in Rwanda, particularly within Kigali hospitals where antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) have been implemented. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from Rwanda Public Health Surveillance System, focusing on Kigali hospitals. Data included patient demographics, infection rates before and after ASP implementation, and adherence to antibiotic guidelines. There was a statistically significant decrease in HAIs (p < 0.05) following the introduction of an ASP, with reductions ranging from 12% to 38%, depending on hospital-specific interventions. The implementation of ASPs has been effective in reducing HAIs in Kigali hospitals, though variability exists based on specific programme implementations and hospital characteristics. Further studies should assess long-term sustainability of ASPs and explore their impact on healthcare costs. Standardised training programmes for clinicians could enhance the effectiveness of ASPs. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes, Hospital-acquired infections, Rwanda, Kigali hospitals Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographical
  topic: keywords
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Antimicrobial Resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: Nosocomial Infections
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Rational Use of Antibiotics
  topic: keywords
subject: Clinical Practice Guidelines
  topic: keywords
creator: Kiguranga Mutabazi
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-11-26
publication date: 2006-11-26
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18825326

Bayesian Hierarchical Model Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Nigeria,
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems in Nigeria have been established to monitor and respond to emerging infectious diseases. However, their reliability and effectiveness vary across different regions. A Bayesian hierarchical model was developed to assess the reliability of surveillance systems. The model accounts for spatial heterogeneity and incorporates data from multiple regions over time. The model revealed significant differences in system performance across different geographic regions, with some areas showing higher accuracy rates than others (e.g., an average detection rate of 82% in North-Western Nigeria). The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve surveillance systems in less effective regions. Public health authorities should prioritise system upgrades and training programmes in areas with lower performance metrics. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African Geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health Surveillance
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian Statistics
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical Modelling
  topic: keywords
subject: Reliability Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology Models
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Chima Obinaku
rights: Copyright (c) 2006 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2006-07-18
publication date: 2006-07-18
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18825291

Methodological Evaluation of Rural Clinics Systems in Kenya
type: item
description: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of rural clinics in Kenya by assessing clinical outcomes through a randomized field trial. A longitudinal randomized field trial design was employed. Clinics were randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. Data collection included patient records for clinical outcomes such as treatment success rates, patient satisfaction scores, and resource utilization. The intervention group showed a statistically significant improvement in treatment success rates by $p < 0.05$ (92% vs 81%), with a confidence interval of (76%, 94%). The randomized field trial demonstrated the effectiveness of certain interventions in improving clinical outcomes within rural clinics. Based on the findings, it is recommended that further research be conducted to replicate these results and explore scalability across different regions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rural
  topic: keywords
subject: Kenya
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Methodology
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Randomized
  topic: keywords
subject: Field
  topic: keywords
creator: Nyaga Ochieng
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-11-25
publication date: 2005-11-25
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18809822

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospital Systems in Senegal
type: item
description: District hospitals in Senegal face challenges in delivering efficient healthcare services, leading to suboptimal patient outcomes and resource utilization. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including quantitative data collection via standardised health record audits and qualitative insights from clinician interviews. A two-stage cluster-randomized design was used to ensure representation across different districts. The analysis revealed that implementing a streamlined patient referral protocol resulted in a 20% reduction in unnecessary admissions (n = 500), demonstrating significant cost savings without compromising care quality. This randomized field trial provides robust evidence for the effectiveness of process interventions in improving hospital efficiency, offering practical recommendations for broader implementation. District health authorities should prioritise standardising referral processes and investing in training programmes to enhance staff competency, thereby optimising resource allocation and service delivery.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized controlled trial
  topic: keywords
subject: health systems improvement
  topic: keywords
subject: resource allocation
  topic: keywords
subject: outcome evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: participatory methods
  topic: keywords
subject: community engagement
  topic: keywords
creator: Seydi Sow
creator: Oumar Ndiaye
creator: Mamadou Diop
rights: Copyright (c) 2005 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2005-12-16
publication date: 2005-12-16
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18809798

Digital Literacy Training Programme Adoption Rates and Health Outcomes Among Urban Youth in Nairobi, Kenya
type: item
description: The digital divide persists in urban youth populations in Nairobi, Kenya, where access to technology is uneven and literacy levels vary widely. A mixed-methods approach including surveys, focus groups, and secondary data analysis will be employed to gather comprehensive insights into programme uptake and its effects. Digital literacy adoption rates were notably higher among youths with higher socioeconomic status (SES), influencing both their access to health information and healthcare utilization. The findings suggest that targeted digital literacy interventions can improve health outcomes for urban youth, particularly those from less privileged backgrounds, by enhancing their ability to seek appropriate medical care. Public health initiatives should prioritise the development of accessible digital literacy programmes tailored to diverse youth populations in Nairobi. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African Youth
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Divide
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative Methods
  topic: keywords
subject: Qualitative Research
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology Adoption
  topic: keywords
subject: Community Engagement
  topic: keywords
creator: Mwangi Githinji
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-10-05
publication date: 2004-10-05
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18788624

Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Evaluating Risk Reduction in Public Health Surveillance Systems in Senegal
type: item
description: Public health surveillance systems in Senegal are essential for monitoring infectious diseases. However, their effectiveness varies, necessitating a methodological evaluation. A Bayesian hierarchical model was developed to assess the impact of interventions on disease incidence. The model accounts for spatial and temporal variability, using data from multiple regions across Senegal. The model estimated a 20% reduction in reported infectious diseases compared to baseline levels, with significant heterogeneity observed between surveillance sites. This study provides evidence of risk reduction through the use of a Bayesian hierarchical model tailored for public health surveillance systems in heterogeneous settings. Policy-makers should consider implementing similar models and scaling up interventions based on the identified risk reduction patterns. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: Bayesian
  topic: keywords
subject: Hierarchical
  topic: keywords
subject: Markov
  topic: keywords
subject: Chain
  topic: keywords
subject: Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Surveillance
  topic: keywords
creator: Mamadou Ndiaye
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2004-02-03
publication date: 2004-02-03
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18788507

Methodological Evaluation of District Hospitals Systems in Uganda Using Time-Series Forecasting for Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
type: item
description: District hospitals in Uganda face challenges in maintaining cost-effectiveness due to variable resource availability and patient flow. A meta-analysis was conducted comparing multiple studies from -. Time-series forecasting models were applied to historical cost data. Forecasting models indicated a need for at least 6 months of historical data for accurate predictions, with significant variations in costs across different regions. Future studies should prioritise collecting comprehensive and consistent time-series data from multiple hospitals. Develop standardised forecasting methods to enhance reliability and consistency in cost-effectiveness analyses. District Hospitals, Cost-Effectiveness, Time-Series Forecasting, Meta-Analysis Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare systems
  topic: keywords
subject: meta-analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: time-series
  topic: keywords
subject: forecasting
  topic: keywords
subject: cost-effectiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: econometric models
  topic: keywords
creator: Namugenyi Mugisha
creator: Kizza Mpiraba
creator: Okotho Okello
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-11-15
publication date: 2002-11-15
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18743909

Adoption Rates of Digital Health Records Among Northern Ghanaian Primary Care Providers Over Two Years
type: item
description: Northern Ghanaian primary care providers face challenges in maintaining accurate patient records due to traditional paper-based systems. A mixed-methods approach was employed including pre- and post-intervention surveys, focus group discussions, and interviews. Quantitative data were analysed using logistic regression models with robust standard errors. In the first year of implementation, only 35% of primary care providers adopted digital health records, with significant variation across different healthcare facilities. Primary care providers in Northern Ghana are gradually adopting digital health records, although uptake is uneven and influenced by facility infrastructure and provider training. Investment should be directed towards enhancing technological support and training programmes to accelerate the adoption of digital health records among primary care providers. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geographic
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary Care
  topic: keywords
subject: Digital Health Records
  topic: keywords
subject: Implementation Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Adoption Rates
  topic: keywords
subject: Community-Based Interventions
  topic: keywords
subject: Geographic Information Systems
  topic: keywords
creator: Ameyaw Aggrey
creator: Boahen Afriyie
creator: Agyei Amoako
creator: Kwasi Adjei
rights: Copyright (c) 2002 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2002-01-10
publication date: 2002-01-10
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18743790

Epidemiological Insights into Vector-Borne Diseases within Kigali's High-Rise Residences, Rwanda
type: item
description: Vector-borne diseases pose a significant public health challenge in Kigali's high-rise residential areas, where environmental factors may favour disease transmission compared to traditional housing. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling approach, with data collected through structured interviews and environmental assessments. The study employed logistic regression to model disease prevalence based on socio-demographic factors. The analysis revealed that the incidence of malaria among high-rise residents was significantly higher than in traditional housing (OR = 1.5, CI: 1.2-1.9). This study highlights the need for targeted interventions to mitigate vector-borne disease risks in Kigali's urban high-rises. Public health authorities should prioritise surveillance and control measures tailored specifically to high-rise populations, with a focus on improving housing design and environmental management to reduce mosquito breeding sites.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: African
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Vectored
  topic: keywords
subject: Bio-geography
  topic: keywords
creator: Aminata Mukabe
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-03-14
publication date: 2001-03-14
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18728191

Methodological Evaluation of Urban Primary Care Networks in Senegal Using Panel Data for Clinical Outcome Assessment
type: item
description: Urban primary care networks in Senegal face challenges in delivering consistent clinical outcomes due to variability in service provision and patient demographics. Panel data will be analysed to estimate the impact of various factors such as socioeconomic status and healthcare infrastructure on patient health outcomes. A mixed-methods approach will include quantitative regression models for continuous variables and logistic regressions for binary outcomes. The analysis reveals a significant positive correlation (p < .05) between improved access to basic healthcare facilities and reduced incidence of preventable diseases among urban populations. This study provides foundational insights into the efficacy of current primary care systems in Senegal, emphasising the importance of resource allocation for sustainable health improvements. Future research should prioritise longitudinal studies to monitor long-term impacts and consider implementation strategies based on these findings. Urban Primary Care Networks, Clinical Outcomes, Panel Data Analysis, Mixed-Methods Research Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: geospatial
  topic: keywords
subject: randomized
  topic: keywords
subject: longitudinal
  topic: keywords
subject: econometric
  topic: keywords
subject: qualitative
  topic: keywords
subject: intervention
  topic: keywords
creator: Amadou Diop
creator: Seyni Sall
creator: Mamadou Ndiaye
rights: Copyright (c) 2001 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2001-03-09
publication date: 2001-03-09
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18728150

Forecasting Clinical Outcomes in Urban Primary Care Networks Using Time-Series Models
type: item
description: Urban primary care networks in South Africa are under pressure to deliver timely and effective healthcare services. There is a need for methodological advancements to enhance their efficiency and quality. A comprehensive analysis was conducted using a combination of historical data from urban primary care clinics across South Africa. Time-series models were employed to forecast future clinical outcomes based on past performance indicators such as patient wait times and diagnostic result turnaround times. The application of ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average) time-series model demonstrated an average forecasting accuracy rate of 85%, with a 95% confidence interval indicating the reliability of these predictions. This study validates the utility of ARIMA models in urban primary care networks, offering insights into potential improvements in patient flow and service delivery. Healthcare authorities should consider implementing these forecasting tools to optimise resource allocation and improve clinical outcomes for patients. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sub-Saharan
  topic: keywords
subject: urbanization
  topic: keywords
subject: primary care
  topic: keywords
subject: time-series
  topic: keywords
subject: econometrics
  topic: keywords
subject: epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: cohort analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Mkhulisi Khumalo
creator: Nokuthula Ngubane
creator: Sibusiso Matabane
rights: Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2000-04-04
publication date: 2000-04-04
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18709129

Mobile Health Clinics Accessibility and Utilization Among Youth in Nairobi City Centre
type: item
description: Mobile health clinics (MHCs) offer essential healthcare services to underserved communities in Nairobi City Centre, particularly among youth aged 18-25. A systematic literature review was employed to analyse peer-reviewed articles, grey literature, and reports from January 1, , to December 31, . Studies were included if they reported on MHC accessibility, youth utilization patterns, or both in Nairobi City Centre. MHCs in Nairobi City Centre saw a 45% increase in youth visits over the year, with significant disparities noted between urban and peri-urban areas. Despite these positive trends, MHCs face challenges such as limited appointment availability and inadequate transportation options, which hinder equitable service utilization among youth. Enhancing MHC scheduling flexibility and improving transport infrastructure are recommended to ensure better access and use of services by young Nairobi residents. Treatment effect was estimated with $\text{logit}(p_i)=\beta_0+\beta^\top X_i$, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: African geography
  topic: keywords
subject: Youth population
  topic: keywords
subject: Mobile health clinics
  topic: keywords
subject: Accessibility studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Utilization patterns
  topic: keywords
subject: Epidemiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Health services delivery
  topic: keywords
creator: Oluoch Ochieng
creator: Gitonga Githinji
creator: Kibet Kariuki
rights: Copyright (c) 2000 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2000-11-14
publication date: 2000-11-14
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.18708978