Waste Management Strategies in South African Municipalities within a Circular Economy Paradigm

South African municipalities face significant challenges in waste management due to increasing urbanization and population growth. A mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews (n=20) with quantitative data analysis of municipal reports (-). Municipal waste diversion rates averaged 35%, indicating potential for improvement within a circular economy framework. Interviews revealed common themes related to funding and resource allocation. Current strategies are insufficient to achieve the environmental goals set by municipalities, necessitating strategic interventions aligned with circular economy principles. Implementing waste reduction policies, enhancing public education programmes, and securing additional financial support from government and private sectors are recommended steps. waste management, circular economy, South Africa, municipal strategies