Protocol for Investigating the Role of Kenyan Faith-Based Organisations in HIV Prevention and Stigma Reduction for LGBTQ+ Populations: A Community-Engaged Study

Despite progress, HIV incidence among LGBTQ+ populations in Kenya remains disproportionately high, exacerbated by stigma and limited access to culturally competent services. Influential yet under-studied within this context, faith-based organisations (FBOs) are the focus of this research protocol. It outlines a community-engaged study to critically investigate the current and potential role of Kenyan FBOs in HIV prevention and stigma reduction for LGBTQ+ individuals. Employing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design (2024–2026), the study comprises two phases. First, a cross-sectional survey of approximately 150 FBO leaders across three counties will quantitatively map attitudes, policies, and interventions. Second, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with a purposive sample of FBO leaders, LGBTQ+ community members, and healthcare providers will qualitatively explore barriers, facilitators, and lived experiences. A community advisory board will guide all stages to ensure methodological rigour and ethical engagement. Anticipated findings will delineate a spectrum of FBO engagement—from stigmatising practices to inclusive advocacy—and systematically identify the theological and structural factors influencing their stance. The study’s significance lies in generating a robust evidence base to inform the co-development of contextually sensitive, faith-aligned strategies. These aim to harness the vast networks of African FBOs for public health good, fostering collaborative partnerships to strengthen Kenya’s HIV response and advance health equity for marginalised populations.