This article examines Bicameralism in Africa: Senate Design, Regional Representation, and Legislative Effectiveness with a focused emphasis on Gabon within the field of Political Science. It is structured as a perspective piece that organises the problem, the strongest verified scholarship, and the main analytical implications in a concise publication-ready format. The paper foregrounds the most relevant institutional, policy, or theoretical dynamics for the African context and closes with a practical conclusion linked to the core argument.