The Sahel region of Senegal is facing significant environmental challenges exacerbated by climate change, impacting human security in various dimensions such as food security, health, and social stability. Theoretical synthesis and conceptual modelling without empirical data collection or analysis. This theoretical framework underscores the need for integrated adaptation strategies that consider both environmental and socioeconomic dimensions of human security in the Sahel. Policy recommendations include enhancing early warning systems, promoting resilient agricultural practices, and improving access to healthcare facilities during climate-induced crises.